Molecular Testing of Lung Cancers.

Targeted therapies guided by molecular diagnostics have become a standard treatment of lung cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor () mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase () rearrangements are currently used as the best predictive biomarkers for EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and ALK inhibitors, respectively. Besides and , the list of druggable genetic alterations has been growing, including rearrangements, rearrangements, and alterations. In this situation, pathologists should carefully manage clinical samples for molecular testing and should do their best to quickly and accurately identify patients who will benefit from precision therapeutics. Here, we grouped molecular biomarkers of lung cancers into three categories-mutations, gene rearrangements, and amplifications-and propose expanded guidelines on molecular testing of lung cancers.