The term acute liver failure (ALF) is frequently applied as a generic expression to describe patients presenting with or developing an acute episode of liver dysfunction. In the context of hepatological practice, however, ALF refers to a highly specific and rare syndrome, characterised by an acute abnormality of liver blood tests in an individual without underlying chronic liver disease. The disease process is associated with development of a coagulopathy of liver aetiology, and clinically apparent altered level of consciousness due to hepatic encephalopathy. Several important measures are immediately necessary when the patient presents for medical attention. These, as well as additional clinical procedures will be the subject of these clinical practice guidelines.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2016.12.003 | DOI Listing |
Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino)
January 2025
Gastroenterology Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health concern, with liver transplantation (LT) serving as a critical treatment for end-stage liver disease caused by HBV. However, the risk of HBV reinfection after LT remains significant, necessitating effective prophylaxis. Today, the combination of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and high-barrier nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) is the standard of care for preventing HBV recurrence post-LT but concerns about the cost of HBIG and access to high-barrier NUCs have led to a reduction in the use, dose, and duration of HBIG in recent years.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmyloid
January 2025
Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Introduction: Cardiac Amyloidosis (CA) is characterised by amyloid fibril deposits causing heart failure (HF). Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is recognised as a potential red flag for CA, but the association remains underexplored in large-scale studies.
Methods: This nationwide registry-based cohort study in Denmark included subjects ≥60 years with a history of LSS surgery.
Front Toxicol
January 2025
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Nantes, France.
Background: Cocaine intoxication and abuse is a worldwide problem that can be the cause of numerous acute medical complications, including severe acute hepatitis. Although these cases are scarce, they are extremely serious and may lead to liver transplantation or death. Management of toxic hepatitis, once the causative agent has been discontinued, is essentially symptomatic, based on clinical and biological monitoring and prevention of complications related to acute hepatitis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTurk J Emerg Med
January 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, Çukurova University School of Medicine, Adana, Türkiye.
Mushrooms have been consumed frequently worldwide since ancient times. In addition to edible and harmless species, there are also poisonous species that cause a wide range of clinical syndromes, from simple gastrointestinal (GI) irritation to death. However, it is not possible to distinguish the poisonous species from some edible species morphologically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Crit Care Med
November 2024
Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Kothekar AT, Shah KB. Echoes and Shadows: Predicting Hepatorenal Syndrome Outcomes with Lung Ultrasound and X-rays. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(11):993-994.
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