AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigated how different diets (traditional IBS vs. low FODMAP) affect gut bacteria in patients with IBS and whether bacterial profiles could predict response to these diets.
- Sixty-seven IBS patients were assigned to either diet for 4 weeks, with faecal samples and symptom severity scores collected to assess dietary impact on gut microbiota.
- Results showed that those on a low FODMAP diet had significant reductions in IBS symptoms, and their bacterial profiles could differentiate responders from non-responders, suggesting that dietary interventions may effectively modify gut bacteria.
Article Abstract
Objective: The effects of dietary interventions on gut bacteria are ambiguous. Following a previous intervention study, we aimed to determine how differing diets impact gut bacteria and if bacterial profiles predict intervention response.
Design: Sixty-seven patients with IBS were randomised to traditional IBS (n=34) or low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) (n=33) diets for 4 weeks. Food intake was recorded for 4 days during screening and intervention. Faecal samples and IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS) reports were collected before (baseline) and after intervention. A faecal microbiota dysbiosis test (GA-map Dysbiosis Test) evaluated bacterial composition. Per protocol analysis was performed on 61 patients from whom microbiome data were available.
Results: Responders (reduced IBS-SSS by ≥50) to low FODMAP, but not traditional, dietary intervention were discriminated from non-responders before and after intervention based on faecal bacterial profiles. Bacterial abundance tended to be higher in non-responders to a low FODMAP diet compared with responders before and after intervention. A low FODMAP intervention was associated with an increase in Dysbiosis Index (DI) scores in 42% of patients; while decreased DI scores were recorded in 33% of patients following a traditional IBS diet. Non-responders to a low FODMAP diet, but not a traditional IBS diet had higher DI scores than responders at baseline. Finally, while a traditional IBS diet was not associated with significant reduction of investigated bacteria, a low FODMAP diet was associated with reduced and Actinobacteria in patients, correlating with lactose consumption.
Conclusions: A low FODMAP, but not a traditional IBS diet may have significant impact on faecal bacteria. Responsiveness to a low FODMAP diet intervention may be predicted by faecal bacterial profiles.
Trial Registration Number: NCT02107625.
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Source |
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313128 | DOI Listing |
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