Objectives: To investigate PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway changes and the proliferation of FoxP3T cells in patients with active tuberculosis.
Methods: We isolated PBMCs and CD4CD25FoxP3T cells from peripheral blood collected from patients with active tuberculosis and healthy controls. We compared the proportion and MFI of PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway components and PTEN by flow cytometry using specific cell-surface and intracellular markers. Moreover, we detected the specific secretory proteins ESAT-6 and Ag85B, cytokines IL-10, TGF-β1 and IL-35 in serum by ELISA.
Results: Compared with healthy controls, the proportions of CD3Akt, CD3p-Akt, CD3mTOR, CD3p-mTOR and CD3PTEN cells, in the T lymphocyte population of patients with active tuberculosis, were decreased (p<0.05), while CD3FoxP3 cells were increased (p=0.013). Similarly, for CD4CD25FoxP3T cells, the proportions of Akt cells, p-Akt cells, mTOR cells, p-mTOR cells and PTEN cells were decreased (p<0.05) in patients with active tuberculosis. Compared with healthy controls, the levels of ESAT-6 and Ag85B were higher in patients with active tuberculosis (p<0.001). Levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were higher (p<0.001), whereas the level of IL-35 was lower (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway in T lymphocytes and CD4CD25FoxP3T cells was inhibited, which could explain why M.tuberculosis can induce FoxP3T cell to expand.
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