This special edition of the Biomedical Journal honors the awarding of the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine to Yoshinori Ohsumi for his pioneering work on elucidating the mechanisms of autophagy. We also highlight a study reporting a new and simple animal model for a widespread surgical technique called interbody spinal fusion. Finally, this issue also includes two articles reporting protocols that could produce specific cell types for cell based therapies.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bj.2017.03.001 | DOI Listing |
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Low-dose tamoxifen treatment reduces collagen organisation indicative of tissue stiffness in the normal breast: results from the KARISMA randomised controlled trial.
Breast Cancer Res
November 2024
Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 12A, 171 77, Solna, Sweden.
Background: Tissue stiffness, dictated by organisation of interstitial fibrillar collagens, increases breast cancer risk and contributes to cancer progression. Tamoxifen is a standard treatment for receptor-positive breast cancer and is also aproved for primary prevention. We investigated the effect of tamoxifen and its main metabolites on the breast tissue collagen organisation as a proxy for stiffness and explored the relationship between mammographic density (MD) and collagen organisation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex differences in the impact of lower respiratory tract infections on older adults' health trajectories: a population-based cohort study.
BMC Infect Dis
November 2024
Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a major global health concern, particularly among older adults, who have an increased risk of poorer health outcomes that persist beyond the acute infectious episode. We aimed to investigate the mid-term (up to 7 years) and long-term (up to 12 years) effects of LRTIs on the objective health status trajectories of older adults, while also considering potential sex differences.
Methods: Cohort data of adults aged ≥ 60 years from the Swedish National study of Aging and Care in Kungsholmen (SNAC-K) collected between 2001 and 2016 was analyzed.
Influence of connection design and material properties on stress distribution and fatigue lifetime of zygomatic implants: A finite element analysis.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Materials Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA. Electronic address:
Zygomatic implants (ZIs) were developed as a graftless alternative to rehabilitate severely reabsorbed maxillae. This study aims to employ three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) to simulate the impact of external hexagonal implant connection (EHC) and internal hexagonal implant connection (IHC) on the stress distribution and fatigue lifetime within the ZI systems using parameters defined in ISO 14801:2016. Two ZI assemblies (Nobel Biocare and Noris Medical) were scanned in a micro-CT scanner and reconstructed using Nrecon software.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of lower-respiratory tract infections on healthcare utilization and mortality in older adults: a Swedish population-based cohort study.
Aging Clin Exp Res
July 2024
Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- *In a study analyzing data from 2001 to 2019, LRTI-exposed individuals faced higher risks of hospitalization and longer hospital stays compared to unexposed counterparts, with significantly increased healthcare visits and admissions.
- *The long-term risks for mortality were also notable, especially among men, indicating that LRTIs have lasting effects on health outcomes for older adults.
Effects of Universal School-Based Parental Support for Children's Healthy Diet and Physical Activity-the Healthy School Start Plus Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial.
Prev Sci
August 2024
Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
Health promotion from an early age is key to preventing unhealthy weight development in childhood, and parental involvement is essential. The school-based Healthy School Start intervention aims to promote healthy dietary and activity habits in the home environment and prevent child obesity through parental support. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the third iteration of the programme on children's dietary and activity behaviours, and body composition through a cluster-randomised controlled trial.
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