Dengue, transmitted by the mosquito affects millions of people worldwide every year. Dengue induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a serious condition and may prove fatal if not detected early and treated appropriately. Diagnosis of HLH is challenging and usually missed as clinical and laboratory findings are nonspecific. Moreover, the pathophysiology of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome and/or sepsis is remarkably similar to HLH. Secondary HLH following infection by the dengue virus is now being increasingly recognized as a cause of severe form of the disease. We report a case of dengue associated HLH in an otherwise healthy person who deteriorated during the course of hospitalization. A disproportionately high ferritin level and persistent bicytopenia prompted investigations for HLH. Diagnosis of dengue fever with virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome was established according to the diagnostic criteria laid down by the Histiocyte Society. We discuss the diagnosis and management of this complex case and try to generate awareness about dengue induced HLH as one of the possible causes for severe manifestations of this infection.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.idcr.2017.03.013 | DOI Listing |
Oncol Lett
March 2025
Department of Breast Medical Oncology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
Recently, the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 antibody pembrolizumab, a type of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), has been used in preoperative systemic chemotherapy for hormone receptor and human epidermal growth factor 2-negative breast cancer, also known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Chemotherapy with pembrolizumab has demonstrated clinical activity in terms of pathologic complete response and event-free survival. Despite their efficacy, the current understanding of the full spectrum of side effects associated with relatively new ICIs remains incomplete.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedica
December 2024
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia, Departamento de Pediatría, Alergología e Inmunología Pediátrica, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia.
Introduction. Hemophagocytic syndrome is an under-recognized condition with high mortality in the pediatric population. It is characterized by excessive activation of immune cells and cytokine release, leading to persistent inflammation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Hosp Med (Lond)
December 2024
Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a rare, rapidly progressive and highly lethal disease. This retrospective cohort study aims to analyze the factors influencing the mortality risk in adult patients with sHLH, which are instrumental to improving our understanding of the high mortality risks associated with sHLH. This study included 85 patients diagnosed with sHLH who were admitted and treated in the Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital between April 2015 and July 2023.
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January 2025
Department of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
Blood Adv
January 2025
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but aggressive and potentially lethal hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by pathologic immune activation and excessive production of proinflammatory cytokines leading to tissue damage and multisystem organ failure. There is an urgent need for the discovery of novel targets and development of therapeutic strategies to treat this rare but deadly syndrome. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) mediates T cell-based inflammatory responses, making it a potential actionable target for the treatment of HLH.
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