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Mutations disrupting the kinase domain of IKKα lead to immunodeficiency and immune dysregulation in humans.

J Exp Med

February 2025

Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, University Paris Cité, Paris, France.

IKKα, encoded by CHUK, is crucial in the non-canonical NF-κB pathway and part of the IKK complex activating the canonical pathway alongside IKKβ. The absence of IKKα causes fetal encasement syndrome in humans, fatal in utero, while an impaired IKKα-NIK interaction was reported in a single patient and causes combined immunodeficiency. Here, we describe compound heterozygous variants in the kinase domain of IKKα in a female patient with hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent lung infections, and Hay-Wells syndrome-like features.

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Eosinophilic cellulitis, also known as Wells syndrome, presents a wide range of morphological spectrum, from pruritic erythematous papules, nodules, and pustules to urticarial and bullous lesions. This is a rare dermatological condition and is known to develop after treatment of hematological malignancy. Here, we report a case of Wells syndrome that was the initial presentation of lymphoma, preceding all other symptoms by six months.

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Article Synopsis
  • Primary atopic disorders (PAD) are rare genetic conditions caused by specific gene variants that affect skin and immune function, making diagnosis challenging among common allergic disease cases.
  • Identifying PAD requires recognizing clinical red flags like family history and unusual infections, as conventional lab tests are inadequate for definitive diagnosis.
  • Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) enhances diagnostic efficiency and accuracy, but requires careful interpretation and collaboration among specialists to effectively manage PAD cases.
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