Purpose: To examine the effect of educational attainment in primary school on later adolescent health.
Methods: Education data attainments at age 7 and 11 were linked with (1) primary and secondary care injury consultation/admissions and (2) the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey. Cox regression was carried out to examine if attainment in primary school predicts time to injury in adolescence.
Results: Pupils that achieve attainment at age 7 but not at age 11 (i.e., declining attainment over time in primary school) are more likely to have an injury during adolescence. These children are also more likely to self-report drinking in adolescence.
Conclusions: Interventions aimed at children with declining attainment in primary school could help to improve adolescent health.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5516262 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.02.003 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Neurol
January 2025
Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Importance: Fall risk and cognitive impairment are prevalent and burdensome in Parkinson disease (PD), requiring efficacious, well-tolerated treatment.
Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of TAK-071, a muscarinic acetylcholine M1 positive allosteric modulator, in participants with PD, increased fall risk, and cognitive impairment.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This phase 2 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial was conducted from October 21, 2020, to February 27, 2023, at 19 sites in the US.
JAMA Intern Med
January 2025
Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
Importance: Doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) has been shown to decrease the incidence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among people assigned male sex at birth in clinical trials, but data from clinical practice are limited.
Objective: To describe early uptake of doxyPEP and evaluate changes in STI incidence following doxyPEP initiation.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective cohort study of adults (aged ≥18 years) dispensed HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California during November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023, examined electronic health record data to compare HIV PrEP users dispensed and not dispensed doxyPEP and rates of bacterial STIs before and after starting doxyPEP.
JAMA
January 2025
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Importance: Metformin and glyburide monotherapy are used as alternatives to insulin in managing gestational diabetes. Whether a sequential strategy of these oral agents results in noninferior perinatal outcomes compared with insulin alone is unknown.
Objective: To test whether a treatment strategy of oral glucose-lowering agents is noninferior to insulin for prevention of large-for-gestational-age infants.
JAMA Netw Open
January 2025
Population Policy and Practice, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
Importance: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) has proven to be a challenging and enduring complication of prematurity. However, its association with neurodevelopment across the spectrum of IVH severity, independent of prematurity, and in the context of contemporary care remains uncertain.
Objective: To evaluate national trends in IVH diagnosis and the association with survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of age.
JAMA Neurol
January 2025
Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, Florida.
Importance: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or its receptor (anti-CGRP mAbs) offer effective migraine-specific preventive treatment. However, concerns exist about their potential cardiovascular risks due to CGRP blockade.
Objective: To compare the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) between Medicare beneficiaries with migraine who initiated anti-CGRP-mAbs vs onabotulinumtoxinA in the US.
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