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Pharmacological Blockade of Group II Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors Reduces the Incidence of Brain Tumors Induced by Prenatal Exposure to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea in Rats.
Curr Neuropharmacol
December 2024
IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli (IS), Italy.
Background: The study demonstrates that pharmacological blockade of type 3 metabotropic glutamate (mGlu3) receptors at the time of tumor induction significantly reduces the incidence of brain gliomas in rats. The overall survival of patients with high-grade brain gliomas is 14-20 months after current multimodal therapy, including surgery, radiotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Objective: To demonstrate in this experimental model that pharmacological blockade of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors reduces the incidence of brain tumors induced by prenatal exposure to N- ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in rats.
Organic vs. inorganic nitrates: Metabolic and vascular outcomes in STZ-induced diabetes in mice.
Life Sci
December 2024
Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil. Electronic address:
Background: Diabetic animals often display dysregulated nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, contributing to vascular dysfunction. This study evaluates the metabolic and vascular effects of organic nitrate isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) versus inorganic sodium nitrate (NaNO3) in mice with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) induced by streptozotocin (STZ).
Experimental Approach: T1DM was induced in male C57Bl6 mice with STZ ip and confirmed by fasting glucose.
Cinnamaldehyde ameliorates diabetes-induced biochemical impairments and AGEs macromolecules in a pre-clinical model of diabetic nephropathy.
BMC Pharmacol Toxicol
November 2024
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Purpose: Cinnamaldehyde, has various therapeutic potentials including glucose-lowering effect, and insulinotropic effect; however, its glycation inhibitory mechanism is not known yet. In this study, we explored the effects of cinnamaldehyde for its AGEs inhibitory mechanism in a streptozotocin-complete Freund's adjuvant (STZ-CFA) induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) rat model.
Methods: Pre-clinical DN model was developed by the administration of multiple low doses of STZ-CFA in rats, mainly characterized by abnormal blood parameters and nephrotic damages.
Impact of upfront adjuvant chemoradiation on survival in patients with molecularly defined oligodendroglioma: the benefits of PCV over TMZ.
J Neurooncol
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Phipps Building, Room 118, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Oligodendroglioma is a brain tumor characterized by specific genetic mutations and treatments typically involve surgery followed by either observational care or a combination of radiation and chemotherapy.
- This study analyzed data from 277 patients with IDH-mutant, 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas to examine the impact of different adjuvant treatment regimens on progression-free survival (PFS).
- Results indicated that patients with grade 3 tumors showed significantly longer PFS when treated with radiation and PCV chemotherapy compared to those receiving radiation with TMZ or no adjuvant therapy, emphasizing the need for more research in this area.
Hypoglycemic effect of orally administered resistant dextrins prepared with different acids on type 2 diabetes mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.
Int J Biol Macromol
October 2024
College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China.
A comparative study was performed to investigate the physicochemical properties and protective effects of hydrochloric acid-resistant dextrin (H-RD), citric acid-resistant dextrin (C-RD) and tartaric acid-resistant dextrin (T-RD) on the metabolic disorders and intestinal microbiota for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice. T-RD had the minimum molecular weight, with the highest short chain (DP 6-12) proportion and resistant starch content. After 4-week intervention with the three resistant dextrins, the body weight and fasting blood glucose of T2DM mice were improved significantly, accompanied by the reduction of serum indexes (TG, TC, LDL-C, ALT, AST, CRE, BUN, FINS, and GSP), but the serum HDL-C and liver glycogen levels increased.
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