Neurobiol Stress
Inserm, U1061, Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Disease Epigenetics Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Prahran, Australia.
Published: December 2017
Background: An adverse psychological environment (e.g. stressful events or depression) has been shown to influence basal cortisol levels and cortisol response to stress. This differs depending on the adverse stimuli, but also varies across individuals and may be influenced by genetic predisposition. An insertion/deletion polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene () is a strong candidate in this regard.
Objective: To investigate how stressful life events and depression are associated with diurnal cortisol levels in community-dwelling elderly and determine whether this varies according to genetic variability in the .
Methods: This population-based study included 334 subjects aged 65 and older (mean (SD) = 76.5 (6.3)). Diurnal cortisol was measured on two separate days, under quiet (basal) and stressful conditions. The number of recent major stressful events experienced during the past year was assessed from a 12-item validated questionnaire as an index of cumulative recent stressful events. Lifetime trauma was evaluated using the validated Watson's PTSD inventory, which evaluates the most severe traumatic or frightening experience according to DSM criteria. Depression was defined as having a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) diagnosis of current major depressive disorder or high levels of depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale ≥16). genotyping was performed on blood samples.
Results: Exposure to stressful life events was associated with lower basal evening cortisol levels overall, and in the participants with the allele but not the genotype. The greatest effects (over 50% decrease, p < 0.001) were observed for the participants having experienced multiple recent stressful events or severe lifetime traumas. Participants with the allele also had higher evening cortisol stress response. Conversely, depression tended to be associated with a 42% higher basal morning cortisol in the participants specifically, but did not modify the association between stressful events and cortisol levels.
Conclusion: An adverse psychological environment is associated with basal cortisol levels and cortisol stress response, but this differs according to genotype.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2017.03.002 | DOI Listing |
Indian J Endocrinol Metab
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Department of Endocrinology, Gandhi Medical College, Musheerabad, Secunderabad, Telangana, India.
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Int Ophthalmol
January 2025
University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Eye Center, 203 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
Purpose: To analyze levels of salivary steroids, including 17-OH-progesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, cortisol, cortisone, progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol, in patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients.
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J Appl Lab Med
January 2025
Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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World J Gastroenterol
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCEM Case Rep
February 2025
Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University Hospital of Padova, Padova 35128, Italy.
Growth hormone (GH) secretion by the pituitary is regulated by stimulatory and inhibitory pathways such as growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin, respectively, being also modulated by different neurotransmitters acting at the hypothalamic/pituitary level. The pineal gland hormone melatonin regulates GH secretion in many mammals, including humans, although its role in modulating GH secretion has been debated. We describe the case of a young woman chronically taking melatonin for sleep disturbances, referring to her general practitioner for flushing that appeared just after starting melatonin intake.
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