In 1867 James Lane and George Gascoyen, surgeons to the London Lock Hospital, compiled a report on their experiments with a new and controversial treatment. The procedure, known as "syphilization," saw patients be inoculated with infective matter taken from a primary syphilitic ulcer or the artificial sores produced in another patient. Each patient received between 102 and 468 inoculations to determine whether syphilization could cure syphilis and produce immunity against reinfection. This article examines the theory and practice of this experimental treatment. Conducted against the backdrop of the Contagious Diseases Acts, the English syphilization experiments have been largely forgotten. Yet they constitute an important case study of how doctors thought about the etiology and pathology of syphilis, as well as their responsibilities to their patients, at a crucial moment before the advent of the bacteriological revolution.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bhm.2017.0001 | DOI Listing |
Radiat Oncol J
December 2024
London Health Sciences Centre, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Cardiac myxomas, the most common primary cardiac tumors, are believed to originate from multipotent mesenchymal cells. Approximately 75% of myxomas occur within the left atrium, increasing the risk of systemic thromboembolic events. While typically benign, atrial myxomas can rarely metastasize to the brain, with fewer than 60 cases reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Scienes, Guangzhou, China.
CD73, an ectoenzyme responsible for adenosine production, is often elevated in immuno-suppressive tumor environments. Inhibition of CD73 activity holds great promise as a therapeutic strategy for CD73-expressing cancers. In this study, we have developed a therapeutic anti-human CD73 antibody cocktail, HB0045.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet
December 2024
Preclinical Development-Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Elinzanetant is a dual neurokinin-1,3 receptor antagonist in development for the treatment of menopausal vasomotor symptoms. The objectives of these studies were to characterize the mass balance and biotransformation of elinzanetant.
Methods: In the clinical evaluation, whole blood, plasma, urine, and feces were collected from healthy fasted male volunteers (n = 6) following a single dose of 120 mg [C]-elinzanetant oral suspension for analysis of total radioactivity and metabolite profiling.
Importance: Most patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recur within the liver following systemic therapy.
Objective: To determine whether stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) improves outcomes in patients with locally advanced HCC compared with sorafenib alone.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This multicenter phase 3 randomized clinical trial randomized patients with HCC 1:1 to sorafenib or SBRT followed by sorafenib, stratified by performance status, liver function, degree of metastases, and macrovascular invasion.
Pediatr Pulmonol
January 2025
Department of Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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