AI Article Synopsis
- - The study introduces a detailed musculoskeletal model of the ankle complex to improve understanding of how the ankle moves, diagnose disorders, and evaluate treatments, acknowledging the complexity due to the interactions between the ankle and subtalar joints.
- - The researchers developed this model focusing on the biaxial structure of the ankle, analyzing forces acting on ligaments and muscle-tendon units, and created a state space model for simulating the ankle dynamics, along with a graphical interface for visualizing anatomical information.
- - Validation of the model was conducted by comparing its results with existing literature and experimental data from a rehabilitation robot, showing a good match in terms of displacements and moments for both passive and active ankle motions.
Article Abstract
Background: A musculoskeletal model for the ankle complex is vital in order to enhance the understanding of neuro-mechanical control of ankle motions, diagnose ankle disorders and assess subsequent treatments. Motions at the human ankle and foot, however, are complex due to simultaneous movements at the two joints namely, the ankle joint and the subtalar joint. The musculoskeletal elements at the ankle complex, such as ligaments, muscles and tendons, have intricate arrangements and exhibit transient and nonlinear behaviour.
Methods: This paper develops a musculoskeletal model of the ankle complex considering the biaxial ankle structure. The model provides estimates of overall mechanical characteristics (motion and moments) of ankle complex through consideration of forces applied along ligaments and muscle-tendon units. The dynamics of the ankle complex and its surrounding ligaments and muscle-tendon units is modelled and formulated into a state space model to facilitate simulations. A graphical user interface is also developed during this research in order to include the visual anatomical information by converting it to quantitative information on coordinates.
Findings: Validation of the ankle model was carried out by comparing its outputs with those published in literature as well as with experimental data obtained from an existing parallel ankle rehabilitation robot.
Interpretation: Qualitative agreement was observed between the model and measured data for both, the passive and active ankle motions during trials in terms of displacements and moments.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2017.03.010 | DOI Listing |
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