Background: As one of the most frequently occurring accidents in a chemical plant, a fire accident may occur at any place where transfer or handling of combustible materials is routinely performed.
Methods: In particular, a jet fire incident in a chemical plant operated under high pressure may bring severe damage. To review this event numerically, Computational Fluid Dynamics methodology was used to simulate a jet fire at a pipe of a compressor under high pressure.
Results: For jet fire simulation, the Kemeleon FireEx Code was used, and results of this simulation showed that a structure and installations located within the shelter of a compressor received serious damage.
Conclusion: The results confirmed that a jet fire may create a domino effect that could cause an accident aside from the secondary chemical accident.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5355529 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.shaw.2016.06.005 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Study on the foam production characteristics of air self-suction foam generator by jet.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Mines, Ministry of Education, Xuzhou, 221116, China.
Confined space fires could easily cause serious casualties and property damage, and foam is an effective means of preventing confined space fires. The existing foam generator does not have both momentum and foam expansion rate (FER) and is poorly suited to confined spaces. In order to develop a foam generator suitable for confined space fire protection, an in-depth analysis of the physical foaming characteristics of self-suction foam is required, and the structure of the foam generator is optimized accordingly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBridging the gap between presynaptic hair cell function and neural sound encoding.
Elife
December 2024
Auditory Neuroscience and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany.
Neural diversity can expand the encoding capacity of a circuitry. A striking example of diverse structure and function is presented by the afferent synapses between inner hair cells (IHCs) and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the cochlea. Presynaptic active zones at the pillar IHC side activate at lower IHC potentials than those of the modiolar side that have more presynaptic Ca channels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNumerical and Experimental Study on the Jet Behavior of Ultrafine Dry Powder Based on a Supersonic Nozzle.
ACS Omega
November 2024
College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China.
To improve the dry powder jet extinguishing efficiency, the velocity change and spatial distribution of ultrafine dry powder particles under the action of high Mach number compressible air are studied by using the SST turbulence model and the gas-solid two-phase coupled model. The effects of nozzle pressure ratio, particle diameter, and mass flow on parameters such as Mach number and radial diffusion width are analyzed,and the influence of injection pressure and jet performance is verified by ultrafine dry powder jet experiment. The results show that the increase in the particle size will weaken particle flowability; the Saffman lift force has a significant effect on the particles when the nozzle expansion angle is large, and a particle-free zone is produced near the center axis; increasing the nozzle pressure ratio or reducing the dry powder mass flow rate will help improve the particle velocity in the core jet area outside the nozzle, and the accuracy of this law is proved by experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparison of two flow measurement devices for use in fire experiments.
Proc Combust Inst
January 2024
National Institute of Standards and Technology, Fire Research Division, Engineering Laboratory, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
Bi-directional probes are utilized throughout fire science to measure fire-induced flows due to their ability to measure flow which changes direction, and to withstand hostile environments. However, they are not available commercially and researchers must take it upon themselves to make and manufacture them. S-type pitot probes (S-probes) work on the same principle as bi-directional probes, measuring the differential pressure between two openings, thereby offering the same benefits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnraveling Chain Branching in Cool Flames.
J Am Chem Soc
October 2024
National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, and State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, P. R. China.
In cool flames, autoxidation of organic compounds forms alkyl hydroperoxides and ketohydroperoxides, and this controls the critical rate of chain branching, but there have been large uncertainties in the decomposition rate constants. We synthesized a series of hydroperoxides and measured their decomposition rate constants in pyrolysis experiments by spray-vaporization jet-stirred-reactor synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. Structural variation of the hydroperoxides, including alkyl, cycloalkyl, aromatic, and heterocyclic functionalities, has only a slight effect on their decomposition rate constants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!