Background: Every day, millions of people undergo surgical procedures facilitated by anesthesia. Yet, there is no clinically accepted measure to predict the effects of sedation or anesthesia on the central nervous system. Auditory brain activation may provide an objective and quantifiable method to measure of the effects of sedation on neuronal processing.
Methods: This is a randomized clinical trial. Forty-eight healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 sedative drugs (midazolam [n = 11], propofol [n = 12], or dexmedetomidine [n = 12]) at a concentration adjusted to achieve mild sedation by self-rating, or to a no-drug control group (n = 13). Participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while listening to music in a 5-minute block design experiment. We tested the hypothesis that mild sedation changes the magnitude or extent of cortical activation of an auditory stimulus.
Results: We observed a significant reduction in auditory activation in both the dexmedetomidine (P = .001) and midazolam (P = .029) but not the propofol group (P = .619) when compared with saline control.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that, compared with saline control, there is a significant reduction of brain activation in the auditory cortex in response to midazolam and dexmedetomidine but not propofol when given at mildly sedative doses. This method serves as a novel approach to quantify the effects of sedative agents in an objective fashion.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5524185 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0000000000002021 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Abuse potential and analgesic efficacy of intravenous hydromorphone bolus administration among hospitalized patients with cancer pain: A double-blind, double dummy, randomized crossover trial.
Cancer
February 2025
Department of Palliative, Rehabilitation and Integrative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer, Houston, Texas, USA.
Background: There is much concern that opioids administered as intravenous (iv) bolus for pain relief may inadvertently increase their risk for abuse. However, there is insufficient data to support this. The authors compared the abuse liability potential, analgesic efficacy, and adverse effect profile of fast (iv push) versus slow (iv piggyback) administration of iv hydromorphone among hospitalized patients requiring iv opioids for pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVirtual reality for reduction of intraprocedural pharmacological sedation and analgesia in adult patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Background: Pharmacological sedation and analgesia are used to alleviate discomfort during awake medical procedures but can cause adverse effects like apnea and hypoxemia, increasing the need for airway management and prolonging recovery. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a non-pharmacological intervention to reduce the need for procedural sedatives and analgesics.
Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted, assessing the impact of VR immersion on intraprocedural sedation and analgesia usage in adults (≥ 18 years).
Remifentanil-Propofol-Ketamine- Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Spontaneous Breathing for Adult Rigid Bronchoscopy.
J Clin Med
January 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy.
Rigid bronchoscopy (RB) is the gold standard for managing central airway obstruction (CAO), a life-threatening condition caused by both malignant and benign etiologies. Anesthetic management is challenging as it requires balancing deep sedation with maintaining spontaneous breathing to avoid airway collapse. There is no consensus on the optimal anesthetic approach, with options including general anesthesia with neuromuscular blockers or spontaneous assisted ventilation (SAV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTracheostomy Practice in the Italian Intensive Care Units: A Point-Prevalence Survey.
Medicina (Kaunas)
January 2025
Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, 16126 Genova, Italy.
: A tracheostomy is a frequently performed surgical intervention in intensive care units (ICUs) for patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. This procedure can offer significant benefits, including reduced sedation requirements, improved patient comfort, and enhanced airway management. However, it is also associated with various risks, and the absence of standardized clinical guidelines complicates its implementation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Relocation, Social Housing Changes, and Diarrhea Status on Microbiome Composition of Juvenile Cynomolgus Macaques ().
Microorganisms
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA.
Social housing changes are likely stressful and can be associated with diarrhea, the most common health problem noted in captive macaque populations. Diarrhea may reflect a negative shift in the gut flora ("gut dysbiosis"). This study reported on changes in the gut microbiome composition of juvenile primates () that experienced a change in social housing and exhibited diarrhea.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!