Severity: Warning
Message: file_get_contents(https://...@pubfacts.com&api_key=b8daa3ad693db53b1410957c26c9a51b4908&a=1): Failed to open stream: HTTP request failed! HTTP/1.1 429 Too Many Requests
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 176
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 176
Function: file_get_contents
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 250
Function: simplexml_load_file_from_url
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 3122
Function: getPubMedXML
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 575
Function: pubMedSearch_Global
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 489
Function: pubMedGetRelatedKeyword
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Background: The height of the eyebrow is less crucial aesthetically than is the relationship between the lateral and medial portions of the brow. Although various surgical procedures are effective in raising the brow, the authors maintain that transcutaneous brow shaping (TBS) is the only technique that enables precise shaping of the brow and correction of minor asymmetries.
Objectives: The authors described their experiences with direct TBS alone or in conjunction with blepharoplasty and facelift.
Methods: A total of 212 patients underwent TBS performed by the senior author (M.P.C). All patients were evaluated clinically and by means of pre- and postoperative photographs. Patients completed questionnaires indicating scar quality and satisfaction with the results.
Results: There were no major complications. Scar visibility was low, and patients expressed a high level of satisfaction with the aesthetic results of TBS.
Conclusions: A misconception of transcutaneous browlift procedures is that they yield visible scars. TBS requires accurate planning, preservation of subcutaneous volume, limited undermining, preoperative application of botulinum toxin, and perioperative administration of local vasodilators. When these requirements are fulfilled, the authors have found that TBS does not yield a visible scar and is the easiest, most precise, and most reliable procedure for brow shaping.
Level Of Evidence: 4.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjw194 | DOI Listing |
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