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The structural basis of protective and nonprotective human monoclonal antibodies targeting the parainfluenza virus type 3 hemagglutinin-neuraminidase.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Center for Vaccines and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Parainfluenza virus 3 (PIV3) infection poses a substantial risk to vulnerable groups including infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals, and lacks effective treatments or vaccines. This study focuses on targeting the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein, a structural glycoprotein of PIV3 critical for viral infection and egress. With the objective of targeting these activities of HN, we identified eight neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with potent effects on viral neutralization, cell-cell fusion inhibition, and complement deposition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCombined Dielectric-Optical Characterization of Single Cells Using Dielectrophoresis-Imaging Flow Cytometry.
Biosensors (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V6, Canada.
In this paper, we present a microfluidic flow cytometer for simultaneous imaging and dielectric characterization of individual biological cells within a flow. Utilizing a combination of dielectrophoresis (DEP) and high-speed imaging, this system offers a dual-modality approach to analyze both cell morphology and dielectric properties, enhancing the ability to analyze, characterize, and discriminate cells in a heterogeneous population. A high-speed camera is used to capture images of and track multiple cells in real-time as they flow through a microfluidic channel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndividual identity of alarm calls in wild-living Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii).
Naturwissenschaften
December 2024
Department of Behaviour and Behavioural Ecology of Mammals, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
We investigated acoustic variation responsible for the individuality of alarm calls produced by 50 Brandt's voles Lasiopodomys brandtii derived from 50 different wild-living colonies. For the first time, we described the calling pattern of Brandt's voles, producing a long series of short alarm calls with short inter-call intervals. The alarm calls displayed four different contours of fundamental frequency but were nevertheless strongly individually distinct within a series of 50 successive alarm calls per caller (2500 analyzed alarm calls).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA biomathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 in Syrian hamsters.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology (IMISE), University of Leipzig, 04107, Leipzig, Germany.
When infected with SARS-CoV-2, Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) develop moderate disease severity presenting key features of human COVID-19. We here develop a biomathematical model of the disease course by translating known biological mechanisms of virus-host interactions and immune responses into ordinary differential equations. We explicitly describe the dynamics of virus population, affected alveolar epithelial cells, and involved relevant immune cells comprising for example CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, natural killer cells and B cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbstractIsland vertebrates that are small on the mainland tend to be larger and exhibit tamer behavior than their mainland conspecifics-a combined set of characteristics known as "island syndrome." Such island-specific traits are often attributed to lower predation pressure on islands than on the mainland. While the morphology and behavior of island vertebrates has received significant attention, relatively few studies have compared physiological traits between island and mainland populations.
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