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Neurovascular Structure-adjacent Frozen-section Examination (NeuroSAFE) During Radical Prostatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Eur Urol Oncol
December 2024
Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Background And Objective: A standardized intraoperative frozen section analysis of the prostate resection margin adjacent to the neurovascular bundle according to the NeuroSAFE technique is performed to maximize nerve sparing during radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this review was to analyze oncological and functional outcomes of NeuroSAFE.
Methods: A systematic search of the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases until July 2024 was performed.
Intra-host variability of SARS-CoV-2: Patterns, causes and impact on COVID-19.
Virology
December 2024
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Avenida Rivadavia 1917, C1083ACA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Virología y Genética Molecular (LVGM), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco, Belgrano 160, Trelew, CP, 9100, Argentina. Electronic address:
Intra-host viral variability is related to pathogenicity, persistence, drug resistance, and the emergence of new clades. This work reviews the large amount of data on SARS-CoV-2 intra-host variability accumulated to date, addressing known and potential implications in COVID-19 and the emergence of VOCs and lineage-defining mutations. Topics covered include the distribution of intra-host polymorphisms across the genome, the corresponding mutational signatures, their patterns of emergence and extinction throughout infection, and the processes governing their abundance, frequency, and type (synonymous, nonsynonymous, indels, nonsense).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMore twins expected in low-income countries with later maternal ages at birth and population growth.
Hum Reprod
December 2024
Laboratory of Fertility and Well-Being, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany.
Study Question: How are the changing maternal age structure and population growth expected to shape future twinning rates in low-income countries?
Summary Answer: With maternal age at birth projected to shift toward older ages, twinning rates are also estimated to increase in most low-income countries by 2050 and even more by 2100.
What Is Known Already: Many of the sub-Saharan African and South Asian countries are undergoing, and projected to further experience, the shift of maternal age at birth to older ages. Advanced maternal age is a well-established predictor of multiple births at the individual level, but currently, it is unknown how the changes in maternal age distribution are associated with the changes in twinning rates at the population level in low-income countries.
Individual differences in the distributional learning and overnight consolidation of the Mandarin level-falling tone contrast.
J Acoust Soc Am
December 2024
Division of Humanities, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
In perceptual studies, musicality and pitch aptitude have been implicated in tone learning, while vocabulary size has been implicated in distributional (segment) learning. Moreover, working memory plays a role in the overnight consolidation of explicit-declarative L2 learning. This study examines how these factors uniquely account for individual differences in the distributional learning and consolidation of an L2 tone contrast, where learners are tonal language speakers, and the training is implicit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of micro-vessel viscosity on the resonance response of a two-microbubble system.
Ultrasonics
December 2024
Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada. Electronic address:
Clinical ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles remain intravascular and are between 1-8 µm in diameter, with a volume-weighted mean size of 2-3 µm. Despite their worldwide clinical utility as a diagnostic contrast agent, and their continued and ongoing success as a local therapeutic vector, the fundamental interplay between microbubbles - including bubble-bubble interaction and the effects of a neighboring viscoelastic vessel wall, remain poorly understood. In this work, we developed a finite element model to study the physics of the complex system of two different-sized bubbles (2 and 3 µm in diameter) confined within a viscoelastic vessel from a resonance response perspective (3-12 MHz).
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