AI Article Synopsis
- A new tachykinin peptide called hemokinin-1 (HK-1) was discovered, which may play a role in itch sensation, unlike the well-studied substance P (SP) that is known for pain signaling.
- The study used immunohistochemistry on male SD rat tissues to compare the distribution of HK-1 and SP in the trigeminal sensory system, focusing on the trigeminal ganglion and brainstem.
- Results showed HK-1 presence in specific trigeminal ganglion neurons and certain brain regions, suggesting its potential as a target for treating itch in the face and neck areas.
Article Abstract
Objective: A new mammalian tachykinin peptide encoded in a TAC4 gene was identified and designated as hemokinin-1 (HK-1). A representative of the tachykinin peptide family is substance P (SP), and the function of SP has been well characterized as a pain transmitter or modulator, while it is possible that HK-1 is involved in pruriceptive processing, but, as yet, the distribution of HK-1 peptide in the trigeminal sensory system is still unknown. Thus, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the distribution of HK-1, while comparing the expression of SP, in the trigeminal ganglion and trigeminal sensory nuclear complex.
Design: The trigeminal ganglion and the brain stem of male SD rats were used in the immunohistochemical study. Since the amino acid sequence in the carboxyl-terminal regions of HK-1 and SP is common, polyclonal antibodies of HK-1 and SP derived from 6 amino acids consisting of amino-terminal regions of these peptides were produced in guinea pig and rabbit, respectively. The immunohistochemical staining of HK-1 and SP was conducted using frozen sections of the trigeminal ganglion and brain stem in rats.
Results: Immunohistochemical studies revealed the expression of HK-1 in small- and medium-sized trigeminal ganglion neurons, in the paratrigeminal nucleus, and in lamina I of the trigeminal nucleus caudalis, while there was no immunoreactivity of HK-1 in the trigeminal nucleus principalis, trigeminal nucleus oralis, and trigeminal nucleus interpolaris.
Conclusion: These findings indicate that HK-1 is a target molecule for treatment of itch in the orofaicial regions.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.03.004 | DOI Listing |
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