Depressed adolescents are characterized by negative interpretation biases. Although investigators have used cognitive bias modification for interpretation (CBM-I) to experimentally manipulate interpretation biases in depressed adults, the near- and far-transfer effects are not well understood in adolescents diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In this study, we extend previous research by investigating the near- and far-transfer effects of 6 sessions of Positive versus Neutral CBM-I on independent measures of interpretation bias (near-transfer effects) and on attention biases and clinical symptoms (far-transfer effects) in a sample of adolescents with MDD (n = 46). At post-training, adolescents who received Positive CBM-I interpreted ambiguous scenarios more positively than did participants who received Neutral CBM-I, providing evidence of training effectiveness. There was no evidence, however, of near- or far-transfer effects. These findings raise concerns about the malleability of interpretation biases in adolescent depression and suggest that further work is needed to establish the clinical utility of CBM-I for adolescents with MDD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10802-017-0285-6 | DOI Listing |
Brain Sci
October 2024
Department of Health & Human Performance, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, Chattanooga, TN 37403, USA.
Neural processes involved in visual detection, decision-making, and motor plan execution are believed to play a key role in the avoidance of sport-related injuries, but very little evidence exists to guide the development of training activities for the optimization of brain function. Immersive virtual reality provides a means to precisely measure the amount of time that elapses from visual stimulus presentation to the initiation of a motor response (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Psychiatr Brain Sci
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Think Now Inc., San Francisco, CA 94105, USA.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that is prevalent in children and adults, with significant impact on life outcomes. Common treatment strategies include a combination of pharmacological and psychosocial interventions which have recognized limits to their effectiveness. Consequently, there exists interest in additional non-pharmacological interventions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Dev
October 2024
School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Most cognitive training programs are adaptive, despite limited direct evidence that this maximizes children's outcomes. This randomized controlled trial evaluated working memory training with difficulty of activities presented using adaptive, self-select, or stepwise compared with an active control. At baseline, immediately, and 6-months post-intervention, 201 Australian primary school children (101 males, 7-11 years) completed working memory tests (near and intermediate transfer) and the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices, and caregivers completed the attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-Rating Scale-5 (far transfer).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCogn Res Princ Implic
October 2024
Department of Psychology, FernUniversität in Hagen, Hagen, Germany.
J Exp Child Psychol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence Production Technology and Systems, Beijing 100803, China. Electronic address:
Working memory (WM) refers to the ability to actively maintain and process information needed to complete complex tasks such as comprehension, learning, and reasoning. Recent studies have examined the efficacy of computerized working memory training (WMT) in improving cognitive functions in general and WM in particular, with mixed results. Thus, to what extent can WMT produce near and far transfer effects to cognitive function is currently unclear.
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