Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat domain-containing (NLR) proteins are sentinels of plant immunity that monitor host proteins for perturbations induced by pathogenic effector proteins. Here we show that the Arabidopsis ZAR1 NLR protein requires the ZRK3 kinase to recognize the Pseudomonas syringae type III effector (T3E) HopF2a. These results support the hypothesis that ZAR1 associates with an expanded ZRK protein family to broaden its effector recognition spectrum.
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