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A review of ectochondral bone and the role of membranes in shaping endochondral bones of the skull.
Anat Rec (Hoboken)
January 2025
Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Slippery Rock University, Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania, USA.
Bones of the skull are traditionally categorized as derived from either endochondral or intramembranous bone. In our previous work, we have observed the interaction of different tissue types in growth of the skull. We find the dichotomy of intramembranous and endochondral bone to be too restrictive, limiting our interpretation of sources of biological variation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransforming undergraduate dental education: the impact of artificial intelligence.
Br Dent J
January 2025
Department of Oral Medicine, Guy´s and St Thomas´ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King´s College London, London, UK.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly evolving area, having had a transformative effect within some areas of medicine and dentistry. In dentistry, AI systems are contributing to clinical decision-making, diagnostics and treatment planning. Ongoing advances in AI technology will lead to further expansion of its existing applications and more widespread use within the field of dentistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCo-option of neck muscles supported the vertebrate water-to-land transition.
Nat Commun
December 2024
Department of Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, Stem Cells & Development Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
Article Synopsis
- The separation of the skull from the pectoral girdle allowed for the evolution of a functional neck in vertebrates, leading to significant changes in their musculoskeletal system.
- Research shows that neck muscles in tetrapods originated from muscle groups in fish, maintaining similar mesodermal sources during embryonic development.
- The adaptation of these existing muscle groups was crucial for the transition from aquatic to terrestrial life, enabling complex head movements in land animals.
The development of orofacial complex in bats: Implications for orofacial clefting.
J Anat
December 2024
Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Orofacial morphology in mammals plays a critical role in essential life functions such as feeding and communication, which are influenced by the shapes of these anatomical structures. Bats are known to exhibit highly diversified orofacial morphotypes within their clade, reflecting their varied diets and echolocation behaviors. The presence of bony discontinuities between the premaxilla and maxilla or among the premaxillae is a notable feature of bat orofacial morphology, observed in certain lineages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterochrony and Oophagy Underlie the Evolution of Giant Filter-Feeding Lamniform Sharks.
Evol Dev
March 2025
College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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