In this study, sagittal plane ground reaction forces (GRFs) in ridden elite dressage horses performing 'collected trot' and in 'passage' over ground were determined. In-ground force plates captured GRF data from four Dutch Warmblood and four Lusitano horses ridden by their trainers. At least three stance phases were analysed for forelimbs and hind limbs per horse. The variables extracted were vertical and longitudinal (braking, propulsive) force maxima, their times of occurrence and the respective impulses for forelimbs and hind limbs. Lusitanos had lower vertical impulses than Dutch Warmbloods in collected trot. Across all horses, passage had larger vertical impulses than collected trot in the forelimbs and hind limbs. Propulsive impulse increased in the hind limbs in passage. Prolonged stance durations in passage contributed to higher vertical impulses that are needed to increase the vertical excursions of the centre of mass.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tvjl.2017.01.016 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Accuracy and reliability of tibial torsion measurement using radiography and ultrasound in dogs.
Vet Med (Praha)
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
Tibial torsion assessment is crucial for understanding deformities and malalignments that can lead to joint pathologies in dogs. Different methods such as radiography, computed tomography (CT), and three-dimensional (3D) volume-rendering techniques have been employed to measure tibial torsion. This study compared the accuracy and reliability of tibial torsion angle (TTa) measurements obtained using radiography and ultrasound tilting techniques against those obtained using the 3D volume-rendering method in small-to-medium-sized non-chondrodystrophic dogs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Different Connection Modes of Electroacupuncture on Electrocardiogram and Nerve Discharge in Rats.
J Vis Exp
January 2025
School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine;
Electroacupuncture (EA) is one of the most commonly used methods in acupuncture and has a good effect on pain, depression, sensory movement disorders, and other diseases. The effectiveness of EA is influenced by many factors, such as the accuracy of acupoint selection, the duration and course of EA treatment, and EA parameters. However, it has rarely been discussed whether the positive and negative electrodes of the EA instrument with acupoints at different locations and distances have an effect on the curative effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInduction of Antigen-Specific Tolerance in a Multiple Sclerosis Model without Broad Immunosuppression.
ACS Nano
January 2025
Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe autoimmune disorder that wreaks havoc on the central nervous system, leading to a spectrum of motor and cognitive impairments. There is no cure, and current treatment strategies rely on broad immunosuppression, leaving patients vulnerable to infections. To address this problem, our approach aims to induce antigen-specific tolerance, a much-needed shift in MS therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhenanthrene toxicity during early development of the neotropical tree frog Dendropsophus branneri.
Aquat Toxicol
January 2025
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N - Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-420, Brazil; Aquatic Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Professor Moraes Rego, S/N - Cidade Universitária, Recife 50670-420, Brazil. Electronic address:
Phenanthrene is considered a priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon due to its ubiquitous presence in aquatic and terrestrial environments and its toxic potential. Tadpoles are sensitive ecotoxicological models that provide important information regarding effects of contaminants in amphibian species. The goal of the present study was to generate information regarding the acute and chronic toxicity of phenanthrene to the neotropical tree frog Dendropsophus branneri early life stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA comparative approach to the microstructure in the carpus and tarsus in anurans.
Dev Growth Differ
January 2025
Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA (IBIGEO), CCT CONICET Salta-Jujuy, Rosario de Lerma, Argentina.
Despite the significant literature about morphological features of limb skeletons involved in tetrapod limb evolution, some questions about carpal and tarsal elements remain. In anurans, the ecomorphological and biomechanical approaches studied long hind limbs (to jump) and forelimbs (to land) and emphasized the role of the long bones in locomotion but disregarded what happens with the nodular elements of the carpus and tarsus. Here, we present a comparative study of nodular elements of the carpus and tarsus in anurans based on whole-mount specimens stained with Alcian Blue (cartilage) and Alizarin Red S (bone and calcified cartilage).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!