This study examined the interactions of stimulus type (high- vs. low-tech) and magnitude (duration of access) on preference and reinforcer efficacy. Two preference assessments were conducted to identify highly preferred high-tech and low-tech items for each participant. A subsequent assessment examined preference for those items when provided at 30-s and 600-s durations. We then evaluated reinforcer efficacy for those same items when provided for a range of durations using progressive-ratio schedules. Results suggested item type and access duration interacted to influence preference and reinforcer efficacy. Participants preferred high-tech items at longer durations of access and engaged in more responding when the high-tech item was provided for long durations, but these patterns were reversed for the low-tech item. In addition, participants engaged in less responding when the high-tech item was provided for short durations and when the low-tech item was provided for long durations.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jaba.383 | DOI Listing |
J Clin Nurs
January 2025
Institute of Health and Care Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Aim: To explore the meaning of adaptation after visceral transplantation in terms of patient experiences, symptoms, self-efficacy, transplant-specific and mental well-being.
Design: A convergent parallel mixed-methods study, consisting of interviews and generic as well as transplant-specific questionnaires. Results were integrated using meta-inference.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
January 2025
Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia.
: The multiple drug-resistant phenomenon has long since plagued the effectiveness of various chemotherapies used in the treatment of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), which is still incurable to this day. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters function as drug transporters and have been touted to be the main culprits in developing resistance to xenobiotic drugs in GBM. : This review systematically analyzed the efficacy of ABC transporters against various anticancer drugs from 16 studies identified from five databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, and ScienceDirect).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
January 2025
Engineering Research Centre of Diagnosis Technology of Hydro-Construction, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China.
Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is an important factor that seriously affects the durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. The current research on alkali-aggregate mainly focuses on the deterioration mechanism of materials and the mechanical properties of standard specimens. However, there is a gap in the field of research on the effect of alkali-aggregate damage on the level of RC structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile.
Consumption of phytosterols is a nutritional strategy employed to reduce cholesterol absorption, but recent research shows that their biological activity might go beyond cholesterol reduction for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and novel phytosterol formulations, such as submicron dispersions, could improve these effects. We explored the therapeutic activity of phytosterols, either formulated as submicron dispersions of phytosterols (SDPs) or conventional phytosterol esters (PEs), in a mouse model of MAFLD. MAFLD was induced in mice by atherogenic diet (AD) feeding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
January 2025
Department of Fiber System Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Polybenzoxazines (PBzs), a class of high-performance thermosetting polymers, have gained significant attention for their exceptional thermal stability, mechanical properties, and chemical resistance, making them ideal for aerospace, electronics, and biomedical applications. Recent advancements emphasize their antimicrobial potential, attributed to unique structural properties and the ability to incorporate bio-active functional groups. This review highlights the synthesis, antimicrobial mechanisms, and applications of PBzs and their bio-based derivatives, focusing on sustainable materials science.
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