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Conditioning a collective avoidance response in rummy-nose tetra.
J Fish Biol
January 2025
Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) & Université de Toulouse (UPS), Toulouse, France.
Escape waves in animal groups, such as bird flocks and fish schools, have attracted a lot of attention, as they provide the opportunity to better understand how information can efficiently propagate in moving groups, and how individuals can coordinate their actions under the threat of predators. There is a lack of appropriate experimental protocols to study escape waves in highly social fish, in which the number of individuals initiating the escape and the identity of the initiators are controlled. Indeed, highly social fish or obligate schoolers have a tendency to not respond well or to freeze when tested in experimental setups designed for single individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproved Performance on Longitudinal Knowledge Assessment in Continuing Certification: The ABPath CertLink Strategy.
Arch Pathol Lab Med
January 2025
the Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois (Nayar).
Context.—: All member boards of the American Board of Medical Specialties have continuing certification (ie, maintenance of certification) programs. The efficacy of these programs has been questioned and, therefore, warrants study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel Tool to Communicate the Needs of Survivors of Trauma to Health Professionals: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study.
J Adv Nurs
January 2025
Biostatistician, Research Development Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
Aim(s): To explore the acceptability and feasibility of using a trauma-informed communication tool to convey client needs to health professionals; and to understand the barriers and enablers for clients using the tool.
Design: Mixed methods design pilot study conducted by nurses from a regional community health service in Victoria, Australia, of purposively sampled clients who have a history of sexual assault and/or family violence and clinicians from a primary care service.
Methods: The investigators developed a pocket-sized communication card to convey clients' history of trauma and the clients' emotional and physical needs to health care providers.
Recent odor experience selectively modulates olfactory sensitivity across the glomerular output in the mouse olfactory bulb.
Chem Senses
January 2025
Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States.
Although animals can reliably locate and recognize odorants embedded in complex environments, the neural circuits for accomplishing these tasks remain incompletely understood. Adaptation is likely to be important as it could allow neurons in a brain area to adjust to the broader sensory environment. Adaptive processes must be flexible enough to allow the brain to make dynamic adjustments, while maintaining sufficient stability so that organisms do not forget important olfactory associations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElephant in the room: natural killer cells don't forget HIV either.
Curr Opin HIV AIDS
December 2024
Division of Innate and Comparative Immunology, Center for Human Systems Immunology, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Purpose Of Review: Like elephants (and T cells), accumulating evidence suggest natural killer (NK) cells never forget. The description of adaptive or memory NK cells, which can be induced by HIV/SIV infections and vaccines and associated with protective effects in persons with HIV (PWH), has dramatically increased the interest in leveraging NK cells to prevent HIV infection or suppress HIV reservoirs. However, harnessing their full antiviral potential has been hindered by an incomplete understanding of mechanisms underlying adaptive NK cell development and infected cell recognition.
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