Ballistic head injury remains a significant threat to military personnel. Studying such injuries requires a model that can be used with a military helmet. This paper describes further work on a skull-brain model using skulls made from three different polyurethane plastics and a series of skull 'fills' to simulate brain (3, 5, 7 and 10% gelatine by mass and PermaGel™). The models were subjected to ballistic impact from 7.62 × 39 mm mild steel core bullets. The first part of the work compares the different polyurethanes (mean bullet muzzle velocity of 708 m/s), and the second part compares the different fills (mean bullet muzzle velocity of 680 m/s). The impact events were filmed using high speed cameras. The resulting fracture patterns in the skulls were reviewed and scored by five clinicians experienced in assessing penetrating head injury. In over half of the models, one or more assessors felt aspects of the fracture pattern were close to real injury. Limitations of the model include the skull being manufactured in two parts and the lack of a realistic skin layer. Further work is ongoing to address these.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00414-017-1557-y | DOI Listing |
Eur Radiol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Am J Vet Res
December 2024
Institute of Animal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
Objective: This study aimed to compare the accuracy of brain biopsies in skull-brain tumor models (SBTMs) of dogs and cats using 2 techniques: 3-D-printed brain biopsy guides (3D-BBGs) and electromagnetic (EM) neuronavigation.
Methods: Based on the CT data from 12 dogs and 3 cats, a total of 30 SBTMs were created using 3-D-printing technology, with 2 models per data set. Thirty brain biopsies were performed: 15 using 3D-BBGs and 15 using EM neuronavigation.
World Neurosurg
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Magdeburg, Otto-von-Guericke University, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Electronic address:
Background: The dissection of the Sylvian fissure (SF) is a crucial technique requiring considerable expertise and skills traditionally acquired through years of experience. The continuous decline in surgical case-load necessitates the development of efficient alternative training opportunities. However, building a realistic and effective training simulator for the microsurgical dissection of the SF as an integral part of the neurosurgical curriculum remains a challenging endeavor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mech Behav Biomed Mater
January 2025
Washington University in St. Louis, Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, United States; Washington University in St. Louis, Biomedical Engineering, United States. Electronic address:
The brain-skull interface plays an important role in the mechano-pathology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). A comprehensive understanding of the mechanical behavior of the brain-skull interface in vivo is significant for understanding the mechanisms of TBI and creating accurate computational models. Here we investigate the force and energy transmission at the minipig brain-skull interface by non-invasive methods in the live (in vivo) and dead animal (in situ).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mech Behav Biomed Mater
October 2024
Lassonde School of Engineering Mechanical Engineering Department , York University, Bergeron Building of Engineering Excellence , 11 Arboretum Lane, North York, ON, M3J2S5, Canada.
This research paper explores the advancement of physical models simulating the human skull-brain complex, focusing on applications in simulating mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI). Existing models, especially head forms, lack biofidelity in accurately representing the native structures of the skull, limiting the understanding of intracranial injury parameters beyond kinematic head accelerations. This study addresses this gap by investigating the use of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques to develop biofidelic skull surrogates.
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