The exact measure of mitotic nuclei is a crucial parameter in breast cancer grading and prognosis. This can be achieved by improving the mitotic detection accuracy by careful design of segmentation and classification techniques. In this paper, segmentation of nuclei from breast histopathology images are carried out by Localized Active Contour Model (LACM) utilizing bio-inspired optimization techniques in the detection stage, in order to handle diffused intensities present along object boundaries. Further, the application of a new optimal machine learning algorithm capable of classifying strong non-linear data such as Random Kitchen Sink (RKS), shows improved classification performance. The proposed method has been tested on Mitosis detection in breast cancer histological images (MITOS) dataset provided for MITOS-ATYPIA CONTEST 2014. The proposed framework achieved 95% recall, 98% precision and 96% F-score.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2016.7591222 | DOI Listing |
Stem Cell Res Ther
January 2025
College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
Background: The aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) impairs bone tissue regeneration, contributing to skeletal disorders. LncRNA NEAT1 is considered as a proliferative inhibitory role during cellular senescence, but the relevant mechanisms remain insufficient. This study aims to elucidate how NEAT1 regulates mitotic proteins during BMSCs aging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vet Diagn Invest
January 2025
Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Tumoral macrocysts (grossly observable cysts) are common in human pilocytic astrocytomas but are rarely reported in canine astrocytomas. Here we describe 7 canine astrocytomas with macrocysts. The median age of affected patients was 9.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Biosci (Landmark Ed)
January 2025
The Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University Health Science Center, 410013 Changsha, Hunan, China.
Background: α thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) serves as a part of the sucrose nonfermenting 2 (SNF2) chromatin-remodeling complex. In interphase, ATRX localizes to pericentromeric heterochromatin, contributing to DNA double-strand break repair, DNA replication, and telomere maintenance. During mitosis, most ATRX proteins are removed from chromosomal arms, leaving a pool near the centromere region in mammalian cells, which is critical for accurate chromosome congression and sister chromatid cohesion protection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife Sci Alliance
April 2025
National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Receptor Biology and Gene Expression, Bethesda, MD, USA
Centromeres are marked by the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-A/CENH3. Throughout the cell cycle, the constitutive centromere-associated network is bound to CENP-A chromatin, but how this protein network modifies CENP-A nucleosome conformations in vivo is unknown. Here, we purify endogenous centromeric chromatin associated with the CENP-C complex across the cell cycle and analyze the structures by single-molecule imaging and biochemical assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
January 2025
Instituto de Biología Funcional y Genómica, Zacarías González 2, Salamanca, 37007, Spain.
Accurate gametogenesis requires the establishment of the telomere bouquet, an evolutionarily conserved, 3D chromosomal arrangement. In this spatial configuration, telomeres temporarily aggregate at the nuclear envelope during meiotic prophase, which facilitates chromosome pairing and recombination. The mechanisms governing the assembly of the telomere bouquet remain largely unexplored, primarily due to the challenges in visualizing and manipulating the bouquet.
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