The most significant drawback of bacterial protein production involving inclusion bodies is the subsequent refolding into bioactive form. Implementation of refolding operations in large-scale applications often fails due to low yields and/or low product concentrations. This paper presents a simple method of integrated refolding by dialysis and matrix assisted refolding that combines advantages of both methods, high product concentrations and high refolding yields. Ion exchange resins (IER) and size exclusion media served as refolding additives and were added to solubilized protein prior to refolding by continuous exchange of dialysis buffer. Refolding experiments were performed with fructosyltransferase (FTF, EC 2.4.1.162) from Bacillus subtilis NCIMB 11871 produced as inclusion bodies. Conventional anion exchangers with gel matrix structure enhanced refolding performance by about 43% with final protein concentration of 9 mg/mL and yield improvement is strictly linear dependent on the mass ratio of resins to protein. With the applied setup refolded protein was self-eluted from resin due to pH and salt concentration shift during dialysis. Macroporous resins and gel filtration media showed a negative effect on refolding yields.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2017.02.011 | DOI Listing |
J Struct Biol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China. Electronic address:
Cryptosporidium has gained much attention as a major cause of diarrhea worldwide. Here, we present the first structure of H-2K complexed with a decapeptide from Cryptosporidium parvum Gp40/15 protein (Gp40/15-VTF10). In contrast to all published structures, the aromatic residue P3-Phe of Gp40/15-VTF10 is anchored in pocket C rather than the canonical Y/F at P5 or P6 reported for octapeptides and nonapeptides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProtein Expr Purif
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India. Electronic address:
The aim of this study was to purify BMP-2 in an easy and time-efficient way. We have developed a new method in which BMP-2 is produced through leaky expression in E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells as inclusion bodies, eliminating the need for inducer Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecules
December 2024
Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil.
HSP70 chaperones play pivotal roles in facilitating protein folding, refolding, and disaggregation through their binding and releasing activities. This intricate process is further supported by J-domain proteins (JDPs), also known as DNAJs or HSP40s, which can be categorized into classes A and B. In yeast, these classes are represented by Ydj1 and Sis1, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Applied and Industrial Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai 600036, India. Electronic address:
This study involves the thermal characterization of Ca-Est, an esterase from Clostridium acetobutylicum which has been previously found to exhibit maximum specific activity at 60 °C. In the present study, Ca-Est showed maximum stability at 30 °C with almost 75 % of its initial activity being retained after incubation for 5 h and the stability decreased with increasing temperature. Analysis of the thermodynamic parameters revealed that the deactivation of Ca-Est is endothermic and enthalpically favored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
January 2025
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA.
Ocean warming due to climate change endangers coral reefs, and regional nitrogen overloading exacerbates the vulnerability of reef-building corals as the dual stress disrupts coral-Symbiodiniaceae mutualism. Different forms of nitrogen may create different interactive effects with thermal stress, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To address the gap, we measured and compared the physiological and transcriptional responses of the Symbiodiniaceae to heat stress (31°C) when supplied with different types of nitrogen (nitrate, ammonium, or urea).
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