Aim: This study analyzed the effect of the dimensions of the flute and shank in the first 4 mm of instrument tips on the deformation and dimensional changes of reciprocating instruments after root canal shaping (RCS).
Materials And Methods: The reciprocating instruments used were Reciproc R25, R40, and R50; WaveOne Small, Primary, and Large; and Unicone #20, #25, and #40. Scanning electron microscopy images of the first 4 mm of the tip were acquired at 30× magnification before and after simulated curved root canals were shaped. Each instrument was used only once. The images were transferred to the AxioVision software to measure the flute area (μm), shank area (μm), flute length (μm), and cross-sectional diameter (μm). Student's t test for paired samples was used to compare differences before and after RCS, and analysis of variance followed by the Tukey test, to compare differences between instruments of similar sizes. The instruments were classified according to deformations after RCS.
Results: Reciproc instruments had larger flutes and smaller shanks. The Reciproc R40 had significant differences in cross-sectional diameter at 0.5 mm from the tip. Reciproc had no plastic deformations. Unicone #20 instruments had significant differences in cross-sectional diameter at 1.5 and 3.0 mm from the tip, and #25 instruments had differences at 1.5 and 3.0 mm and in length of the second and third flutes. One #20 and three #40 instruments had plastic deformations. The differences in length of the first and fourth flutes of WaveOne Primary and in cross-sectional diameter at 2.0 mm from the tip of WaveOne Large were significant. Two of three WaveOne Large instruments had plastic deformations.
Conclusion: Reciproc instruments had greater flute areas and lengths and smaller shanks than Unicone and WaveOne instruments of similar sizes. Reciproc instruments had a greater flute-to-shank ratio. WaveOne instruments had the lowest flute-to-shank ratio. Unicone instruments had the most plastic deformations. Instruments with larger flutes and smaller shanks had fewer plastic deformations after curved RCS.
Clinical Significance: The knowledge of mechanical behavior before choosing the endodontic instrument may avoid fracture, regardless of the clinical condition, and it is essential to the success of root canal treatment.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
4D light sheet imaging, computational reconstruction, and cell tracking in mouse embryos.
STAR Protoc
January 2025
Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA; Roddenberry Center for Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Gladstone, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Human Genetics, and Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Electronic address:
As light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) becomes widely available, reconstruction of time-lapse imaging will further our understanding of complex biological processes at cellular resolution. Here, we present a comprehensive workflow for in toto capture, processing, and analysis of multi-view LSFM experiments using the ex vivo mouse embryo as a model system of development. Our protocol describes imaging on a commercial LSFM instrument followed by computational analysis in discrete segments, using open-source software.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficient Coupling of Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations with Ion Trap Mass Analyzers Using Phase Modulation.
J Am Soc Mass Spectrom
January 2025
Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States.
Phased structures for lossless ion manipulation offer significant improvements over the scanning second gate method for coupling with ion trap mass analyzers. With an experimental run time of under 1 min for select conditions and an average run time of less than 4 min, this approach significantly reduces experimental time while enhancing the temporal duty cycle. The outlined SLIM system connects to an ion trap mass analyzer via a PCB stacked ring ion guide, which replaces the commercial ion optics and capillary inlet.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShort-Time Preamplification-Assisted One-Pot CRISPR Nucleic Acid Detection Method with Portable Self-Heating Equipment for Point-of-Care Diagnosis.
Anal Chem
January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Instrument Science and Techonology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China.
Infectious diseases, especially respiratory infections, have been significant threats to human health. Therefore, it is essential to develop rapid, portable, and highly sensitive diagnostic methods for their control. Herein, a short-time preamplified, one-pot clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) nucleic acid detection method (SPOC) is developed by combining the rapid recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) with CRISPR-Cas12a to reduce the mutual interference and achieve facile and rapid molecular diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhanced myocardial perfusion in late gestation fetal lambs with impaired left ventricular inflow.
J Physiol
January 2025
Center for Developmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Robust preclinical models of asymmetric ventricular loading in late gestation reflecting conditions such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome are lacking. We characterized the morphometry and microvascular function of the hypoplastic left ventricle (LV) and remaining right ventricle (RV) in a sham-controlled late gestation fetal lamb model of impaired left ventricular inflow (ILVI). Singleton fetuses were instrumented at ∼120 days gestational age (dGA; term is ∼147 days) with vascular catheters, an aortic flow probe and a deflated left atrial balloon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeripheral Single-Cell Immune Characteristics Contribute to the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia With Lewy Bodies.
CNS Neurosci Ther
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are common neurodegenerative diseases with distinct but overlapping pathogenic mechanisms. The clinical similarities between these diseases often result in high misdiagnosis rates, leading to serious consequences. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are easy to collect and can accurately reflect the immune characteristics of both DLB and AD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!