The field of spectral radiance factor (SRF) measurements has seen growing interest in recent years. Scale conformity has so far only been established between the national metrology institutes (NMIs) of Germany and the USA. This study aims at a bigger, multilateral scale comparison. For this purpose, a total of six NMIs participated in a scale comparison of goniospectrophotometers based on neutral and colored diffusely reflecting ceramics samples. In addition, two universities, providing a home-built gonioreflectometer and two widely used commercially available color measurement instruments, respectively, were involved. The wavelength range of the scale comparison covers the visible wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm. Results indicate systematic issues and that the uncertainty evaluation of the NMIs requires further work; although for the greatest part of the covered spectral range the agreement is good.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.56.001996 | DOI Listing |
World J Microbiol Biotechnol
January 2025
School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, D9, Ireland.
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by lactic acid bacteria with immunomodulatory potential are promising natural food additives. This study employs small-scale, 250 mL bioreactors combined with a central composite design to optimise two important bioprocess parameters, namely temperature and airflow, to achieve high yields of biomass and EPS from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LRH30 (L. rhamnosus LRH30).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Radiol
January 2025
Trauma Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Introduction: Injury coding with the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an important element for benchmarking, trauma registries and research.
Objective: To compare the severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) coding derived from the AIS with or without the use of a standardised radiologic template.
Methods: A retrospective two-centre cohort study including patients aged ≥ 18 years with isolated TBI admitted to an intensive care between 2011 and 2016 was conducted.
ChemSusChem
January 2025
Nanyang Technological University - Jurong Campus: Nanyang Technological University, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Block N4.1, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore, SINGAPORE.
To commercialize perovskite solar cells and advance beyond lab-scale comparisons, understanding large-area film formation using slot-die coating is essential to improve film homogeneity. Adding high-boiling-point solvents like NMP to the perovskite ink extends film's processing window, but the effects of varying NMP levels on gas-quenched slot-die coatings remain unclear. This article examines how different NMP ratios impact film quality, showing that a moderate amount of NMP as a co-solvent reduces defects, as observed through photoluminescence, hyperspectral absorbance, and back-illuminated optical absorptions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychogeriatrics
March 2025
Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Background: Dementia is one of the most pressing health concerns among the ageing population, imposing significant health, financial and caregiving burdens on people with dementia (PWD), their families and caregivers. Building the capacity of nursing students is essential for effectively improving quality of life for affected people. This study aimed to assess nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward dementia and its associated factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsia
January 2025
Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Objective: The ketogenic diet has been the mainstay of treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). No comparative trials have been conducted to assess the efficacy of the two less strict ketogenic diets: modified Atkins diet (MAD) and low glycemic index treatment (LGIT). This study assesses the non-inferiority of LGIT compared with MAD.
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