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Domain-specific connectivity drives the organization of object knowledge in the brain.
Handb Clin Neurol
August 2022
Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address:
The goal of this chapter is to review neuropsychological and functional MRI findings that inform a theory of the causes of functional specialization for semantic categories within occipito-temporal cortex-the ventral visual processing pathway. The occipito-temporal pathway supports visual object processing and recognition. The theoretical framework that drives this review considers visual object recognition through the lens of how "downstream" systems interact with the outputs of visual recognition processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpaired processing of conspecifics in Parkinson's disease.
Appl Neuropsychol Adult
August 2024
Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy.
Experimental evidence indicates that the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) processes emotional/affective features crucial to elaborate knowledge about social groups and that knowledge of social concepts is stored in the anterior temporal lobe (ATL).We investigated whether knowledge about social groups is impaired in Parkinson's disease (PD), in which dysfunctional connectivity between IFG and ATL has been demonstrated.PD patients ( = 20) and healthy controls (HC, = 16) were given a lexical decision task in a semantic priming paradigm: the prime-targets included 144 words and 144 pseudowords, each preceded by three types of prime ("animals," "things," "persons").
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhat semantic dementia teaches us about the functional organization of the left posterior fusiform gyrus.
Neuropsychologia
November 2017
Service de neurologie, CMRR, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France.
After demonstrating the relative preservation of fruit and vegetable knowledge in patients with semantic dementia (SD), we sought to identify the neural substrate of this unusual category effect. Nineteen patients with SD performed a semantic sorting task and underwent a morphometric 3T MRI scan. The grey-matter volumes of five regions within the temporal lobe were bilaterally computed, as well as those of two recently described areas (FG1 and FG2) within the posterior fusiform gyrus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOn the Concept of Category-Specificity.
Arch Sex Behav
July 2017
School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, ON, K1N 6N5, Canada.
Connectivity-based constraints on category-specificity in the ventral object processing pathway.
Neuropsychologia
October 2017
Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Rochester, 14627, United States; Center for Visual Science, University of Rochester, 14627, United States; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester, 14627, United States. Electronic address:
Recent efforts to characterize visual object representations in the ventral object processing pathway in the human brain have led to contrasting proposals about the causes of neural specificity for different categories. Here we use multivariate techniques in a novel way to relate patterns of functional connectivity to patterns of stimulus preferences. Stimulus preferences were measured throughout the ventral stream to tools, animals, faces and places; separately, we measured the strength of functional connectivity of each voxel in the ventral stream to category-preferring regions outside the ventral stream.
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