AI Article Synopsis
- The study examines how combined oral contraceptive (OC) use affects cardiometabolic risk factors in female rats and adds a high-salt diet into the mix to see if it exacerbates these effects.
- Researchers found that OC use increased insulin resistance and other negative metabolic conditions, while a high-salt diet also raised these factors, but it didn't worsen the effects of OC use.
- The conclusion highlights that glucose dysregulation and dyslipidemia from OC use are linked to higher levels of inflammation (like C-reactive protein), but increased salt intake alone doesn't amplify these risks.
Article Abstract
Background: Estrogen-progestogen combined oral contraceptive (OC) use has been associated with increased cardiometabolic risk factors, including glucose dysregulation, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and pro-inflammatory state. However, the effect of a high-salt diet on these risk factors during OC use is not yet investigated. We therefore hypothesized that a high-salt diet would increase cardiometabolic risk factors in female rats treated with a combination of OC steroids, levonorgestrel (L) and ethinylestradiol (EE), and that elevated plasma levels of pro-inflammatory markers are associated with the cardiometabolic effects.
Methods: Female Wistar rats were given (p.o.) vehicle, high-dose (1.0μg EE plus 5.0μgL) or low-dose (0.1μg EE plus 0.5μgL) OC with or without a high-salt diet (8%) daily for 8 weeks. Insulin resistance (IR) was estimated using the homeostatic model of assessment (HOMA).
Results: Results showed that OC treatment or high salt diet led to significant increases in insulin resistance, plasma insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), TC/HDL-cholesterol, uric acid levels, and decreased glucose tolerance. OC treatment but not a high-salt diet resulted in increased plasma C-reactive protein and TG/HDL-cholesterol. However, a high-salt diet did not aggravate the effects of OC treatment.
Conclusion: The results from the present study indicate that glucose dysfunction and dyslipidemia induced by OC use, but not those induced by increased dietary salt are associated with elevated plasma C-reactive protein. Besides, increased dietary salt does not worsen abnormal cardiometabolic impact of OC use.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pathophys.2017.02.004 | DOI Listing |
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