Background And Objectives: Sevoflurane is often used in pediatric anesthesia and is associated with high incidence of psychomotor agitation. In such cases, dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been used, but its benefit and implications remain uncertain. We assessed the effects of DEX on agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane.
Method: Meta-analysis of randomized clinical and double-blind studies, with children undergoing elective procedures under general anesthesia with sevoflurane, using DEX or placebo. We sought articles in English in PubMed database using the following terms: Dexmedetomidine, sevoflurane (Methyl Ethers/sevoflurante), and agitation (Psychomotor Agitation). Duplicate articles with children who received premedication and used active control were excluded. It was adopted random effects model with DerSimonian-Laird testing and odds ratio (OR) calculation for dichotomous variables, and standardized mean difference for continuous variables, with their respective 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results: Of 146 studies identified, 10 were selected totaling 558 patients (282 in DEX group and 276 controls). The use of DEX was considered a protective factor for psychomotor agitation (OR=0.17; 95% CI 0.13-0.23; p<0.0001) and nausea and vomiting in PACU (OR=0.49; 95% CI 0.35-0.68; p<0.0001). Wake-up time and PACU discharge time were higher in the dexmedetomidine group. There was no difference between groups for extubation time and duration of anesthesia.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine reduces psychomotor agitation during wake-up time of children undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2016.02.007 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Oxycodone for analgesia in children undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a randomized, double-blind, parallel study.
Front Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatric Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Background: Postoperative visceral pain is a common complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In this study, we compared the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of oxycodone and fentanyl in children undergoing ERCP.
Methods: A single-center, randomized, double-blind study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
Timing of pediatric pyloromyotomy on hospital length of stay.
Surg Pract Sci
June 2023
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
Introduction: Pyloromyotomy timing is predicated upon correction of electrolyte abnormalities. Among infants who presented with normal electrolytes, we hypothesized that pyloromyotomy the evening of presentation, rather than waiting until morning, would confer shorter length of stay (LOS).
Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent pyloromyotomy from 2012 to 2021.
Increased Rate of Unique Mitochondrial DNA Deletion Breakpoints in Young Adults With Early-Life Stress.
Biol Psychiatry Glob Open Sci
March 2025
Initiative on Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
Background: Mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria respond to psychosocial stress. Recent studies suggest mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions may be increased in some psychiatric disorders, but no studies have examined early-life stress (ELS) and mtDNA deletions. In this study, we assessed mtDNA deletions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of medically healthy young adults with and without ELS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploration of the Evidence on Discharge From Hospital to Home for Children With Medical Complexity and Their Parents: A Review of the Literature.
Child Care Health Dev
January 2025
School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada.
Background: Children with medical complexity (CMC) require complex care that parents must independently provide and manage when discharged home from hospital. It is important that parents are adequately prepared to safely transition home from hospital with their child.
Method: A synthesis of findings from research articles was conducted to map and summarize available evidence on CMC and their parents' experiences of discharge from hospital to home.
Neurodevelopmental outcomes after infant heart surgery for congenital heart disease: a hospital-based multicentre prospective cohort study from India.
BMJ Paediatr Open
January 2025
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India
Background: Neurodevelopmental disability is a common long-term concern following surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD). Little information is available from low-resource environments where the majority of children with CHD are born. Several challenges in the CHD care continuum exist in such environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!