In renal transplant, multiple renal arteries in a donor require meticulous vascular reconstruction for successful allograft function in the recipient. Presence of more than 4 renal arteries is usually considered to be a relative contraindication for proceeding with renal donation. We report a living-donor renal transplant procedure where preoperative radiologic imaging of the donor showed 3 left renal arteries. Two additional arteries were identified intraoperatively. All 5 arteries were reconstructed during the back-table procedure, and the allograft was implanted in the recipient. At 3-month follow-up, computed tomographic imaging demonstrated patency of all 5 renal arteries, and the patient had a serum creatinine level of 0.8 mg/dL. Unidentified arteries on preoperative imaging may occasionally require complex reconstruction. A renal allograft with 5 renal arteries is usually a contraindication for renal donation. Here, we describe the first published case of successful kidney transplant after reconstruction of 5 renal arteries in the donor graft.
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