Dose rate coefficients computed using the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference adult female voxel phantom were compared with values computed using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) adult female stylized phantom in an air submersion exposure geometry. This is a continuation of previous work comparing monoenergetic organ dose rate coefficients for the male adult phantoms. With both the male and female data computed, effective dose rate as defined by ICRP Publication 103 was compared for both phantoms. Organ dose rate coefficients for the female phantom and ratios of organ dose rates for the voxel and stylized phantoms are provided in the energy range from 30 to 5 MeV. Analysis of the contribution of the organs to effective dose is also provided. Comparison of effective dose rates between the voxel and stylized phantoms was within 8% at 100 keV and is <5% between 200 and 5000 keV.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncw354 | DOI Listing |
Hypertension
December 2024
Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. (L.E.O., A.D., C.A.S., A.G., B.K.B., S.P., I.B.).
Background: The cholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine is used to treat orthostatic hypotension by facilitating cholinergic neurotransmission in autonomic ganglia, thereby harnessing residual sympathetic tone to increase blood pressure (BP) preferentially in the upright posture. We hypothesized that less severe autonomic impairment was associated with greater pressor responses to pyridostigmine.
Methods: To identify predictors of pressor response, linear regression analyses between the effect of pyridostigmine on upright BP and markers of autonomic impairment were retrospectively conducted on 38 patients who had a medication trial with pyridostigmine (60 mg single dose).
Cancer Res Treat
December 2024
Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Purpose: Fentanyl, a highly lipophilic opioid, was developed as a sublingual fentanyl tablet (SFT) for the management of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP), and its efficacy and safety were confirmed in a randomized, controlled study. We investigated the effectiveness and safety of SFT administered to alleviate BTcP in a real-world setting.
Materials And Methods: In this prospective, open, single-cohort study, conducted in 13 referral hospitals in South Korea, opioid-tolerant cancer patients receiving around-the-clock opioids for persistent cancer pain were enrolled if the individual had BTcP ≥ 1 episode/day during the preceding week.
Front Insect Sci
December 2024
Department of General Biology and Genetics, Institute of Biochemical Technologies, Ecology and Pharmacy, V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea.
Twenty years ago, it was difficult to imagine the use of nucleic acids in plant protection as insecticides, but today it is a reality. New technologies often work inefficiently and are very expensive; however, qualitative changes occur during their development, making them more accessible and work effectively. Invented in 2008, contact oligonucleotide insecticides (olinscides, or DNA insecticides) based on the CUAD (contact unmodified antisense DNA) platform have been substantially improved and rethought.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Clin Epidemiol
October 2024
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan.
Background: Approximately 30% of coronavirus disease 2019 COVID-19 patients develop fatigue and psychological symptoms. We previously demonstrated the efficacy of donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that is widely used to treat dementia, in basic research.
Methods: This is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled, phase II clinical trial in which 120 patients with COVID-19 will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to a donepezil or placebo group.
PeerJ
December 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, GuangZhou, GuangDong, China.
Background: This study investigates the impact of convergence mode (CM) in Eclipse (Varian Medical Systems) on the quality and complexity of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 21 NPC patients. For each patient, three VMAT plans with different CM settings (Off, On, and Extended) were created using identical optimization objectives.
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