: The precise aetiology of pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) remains poorly understood but is believed to be multifactorial having mechanical, hormonal and psychological components. : Minimally invasive techniques of embolisation or sclerotherapy of the ovarian veins has become the mainstay of treatment for PCS. Studies report a technical success rates from 89-100% and clinical success rates of 58-100%. : Embolisation and sclerotherapy can be done as a day surgery procedure concurrently with diagnostic venography and given current evidence provide better long term pain relief than medical therapy.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2205-0140.2013.tb00094.x | DOI Listing |
Eur J Radiol
January 2025
Department of Radiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040 China. Electronic address:
Pelvic venous disorder (PVD) is a common gynecological disorder caused by chronic pelvic venous congestion. Clinically, it primarily manifests as lower abdominal pain, lower back pain, dyspareunia, increased menstrual flow, and increased vaginal discharge, though positive physical signs are few. The gynecological examination may reveal bilateral ovarian tenderness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Imaging Radiat Oncol
January 2025
Sydney Fibroid Clinic, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Background: Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) is a condition characterised by chronic pelvic pain resulting from the dilation and reflux of veins within the pelvis. While pelvic pain is the primary symptom of PCS, other associated symptoms may vary among individuals. Bladder symptoms have been commonly observed in PCS, including increased urination frequency, urinary urgency, nocturia and rarely haematuria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos, PRT.
Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is an uncommon vascular condition caused by the compression of the left renal vein (LRN), which may result in venous hypertension and clinical symptoms, including hematuria, flank pain, and pelvic congestion. This report describes the case of a 30-year-old woman with recurrent painless macroscopic hematuria, ultimately diagnosed with NCS based on clinical and radiological findings. Computed tomography (CT) angiography revealed a reduced aortomesenteric angle and LRN compression without signs of severe venous hypertension or collateral circulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhlebology
January 2025
Research Department, The Whiteley Clinic, Guildford, UK.
Background: Pelvic venous disorders (PeVD), previously "Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS)" is usually defined as a female health problem. However, it is our impression that gynaecologists rarely recognise this condition, and most of the research interest appears to be by vascular and venous surgeons, and radiologists. The aim of this study was to investigate if there was evidence to support this view.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZhongguo Zhen Jiu
January 2025
Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Acupuncture and Moxibustion Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700.
The paper introduces Professor 's experience in treating pelvic congestion syndrome with acupuncture. Professor believes that the stagnation in the thoroughfare and conception vessels, retarded circulation of and blood, and the obstruction of blood flow in the uterus are implicated in the pathogenesis of pelvic congestion syndrome. In clinical practice, according to the pathogenesis, focusing on regulating the functions of the thoroughfare and conception vessels, the thinking of treatment is summarized as "resolving the stasis and stopping pain by regulating the thoroughfare and conception vessels", "selecting the points based on their indications" and "tranquilizing the mind and harmonizing the physical and mental states".
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