Selection of peritoneal dialysis among older eligible patients with end-stage renal disease.

Background: Older patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are less likely to choose peritoneal dialysis (PD) over hemodialysis (HD). The reasons behind their choice of dialysis modality are not clear. This study seeks to determine the patient-perceived factors that influence ESRD patients' choice of dialysis modality among older ESRD patients who are deemed eligible for both PD and HD.

Methods: All patients had completed a multidisciplinary modality assessment, were deemed eligible for both PD and HD, and had received modality education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and transcripts were read repeatedly to derive potential codes using line-by-line textual analysis. The Capability, Opportunity, Motivation – Behaviour (COM-B) and Theoretical Domain Framework (TDF), validated tools that were developed for designing behavioral change interventions, were used to help guide the coding framework.

Results: Among older ESRD patients who are deemed eligible for both PD and HD, factors relevant to their modality decision-making were identified with respect to physical strength/dexterity and having a sound mind (capability), external forces and constraints (opportunity), and values and beliefs (motivation). Often a combination of factors led to an individual's choice of a particular dialysis modality. However, preferences for PD were primarily based around convenience and maintaining a normal life, while a heightened sense of security was the primary reason for those who selected HD.

Conclusions: We have identified patient-perceived factors that influence choice of dialysis modality in older individuals with ESRD who are eligible for PD and HD. These factors should be considered and/or addressed within PD programs seeking to promote PD.