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nsP2 Protease Inhibitor Blocks the Replication of New World Alphaviruses and Offer Protection in Mice.
ACS Infect Dis
December 2024
Chemistry and Biotechnology Science and Engineering Program, College of Science, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States.
New World alphaviruses, including Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV), are mosquito-transmitted viruses that cause disease in humans. These viruses are endemic to the western hemisphere, and disease in humans may lead to encephalitis and long-term neurological sequelae. There are currently no FDA-approved vaccines or antiviral therapeutics available for the prevention or treatment of diseases caused by these viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFControl and Elimination of Hepatitis C Virus Among People With HIV in Australia: Extended Follow-up of the CEASE Cohort (2014-2023).
Open Forum Infect Dis
December 2024
The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Background: Approximately 10% of people with HIV in Australia had active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prior to availability of government-subsidized direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in 2016. This analysis evaluated progress toward HCV elimination among people with HIV in Australia between 2014 and 2023.
Methods: The CEASE cohort study enrolled adults with HIV with past or current HCV infection (anti-HCV antibody positive) from 14 primary and tertiary clinics.
Direct acting antivirals eradicate HCV from the liver quickly in people with HIV but do not fully reverse immune activation.
J Infect Dis
December 2024
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects nearly one-fourth of people with HIV (PWH). The role of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on immune activation in PWH and HCV is poorly understood.
Methods: We quantified plasma HCV RNA and CXCL10 in persons with HCV mono- versus HIV/HCV co-infection receiving Sofosbuvir-Velpatasvir.
Changes in Serum Rheumatoid Factor Following Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus Infection With Interferon or Direct Antiviral Therapy.
J Viral Hepat
January 2025
School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a myriad of extrahepatic manifestations (EHM), as well as the production of autoantibodies, including rheumatoid factor (RF). This study aims to elucidate whether serum levels of RF change before and after HCV eradication, and whether these changes differ according to the type of therapy used. This is a retrospective cohort study of adults with chronic HCV infection treated with interferon-free or interferon-based regimens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of direct oral anticoagulants compared to enoxaparin on objective response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with lung cancer.
J Oncol Pharm Pract
December 2024
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
Introduction: A hypoxic tumor microenvironment inhibits the normal functioning of immune cells. Studies have hypothesized that anticoagulants that can penetrate and bind to factor Xa in the tumor microenvironment, can enhance T-cell function and augment immunotherapy activity. This study compared objective response rate and progression-free survival of lung cancer patients on concomitant immunotherapy treated with direct-acting oral anticoagulants versus enoxaparin.
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