Parent-offspring conflict theory predicts the emergence of weaning conflict between a mother and her offspring arising from skewed relatedness benefits. Empirical observations of weaning conflict have not been carried out in canids. In a field-based study on free-ranging dogs we observed that nursing/suckling bout durations decrease, proportion of mother-initiated nursing bouts decrease and mother-initiated nursing/suckling terminations increase with pup age. We identified the 7th - 13th week period of pup age as the zone of conflict between the mother and her pups, beyond which suckling solicitations cease, and before which suckling refusals are few. We also report for the first time milk theft by pups who take advantage of the presence of multiple lactating females, due to the promiscuous mating system of the dogs. This behaviour, though apparently disadvantageous for the mothers, is perhaps adaptive for the dogs in the face of high mortality and competition for resources.
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Am J Perinatol
January 2025
Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, United States.
Objective: NICU graduates are frequently technology dependent including home oxygen, pulse oximetry, and/or nasogastric (NG) feedings. Primary care provider (PCP) perceptions, practices, and barriers to managing these infants are not well described, especially at altitude. We sought to 1) describe PCP comfort and 2) determine practices and barriers in managing this technology at higher altitude.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Sci Biotechnol
January 2025
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
Background: Feeding spray dried plasma (SDP) to weanling pigs improves growth, but there is a lack of research on how SDP impacts oxidative stress and inflammatory response in lactating sows, and performance of their piglets after weaning. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that sows fed a diet with SDP in late gestation and lactation have improved reproductive performance and reduced inflammation compared with sows fed no SDP. The second hypothesis was that pigs weaned from sows fed 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeart Lung
January 2025
College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Immunol Immunopathol
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:
Waste milk (WM) is commonly used in calf feeding to reduce rearing costs; however, its effects on the innate immune response remain unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of WM on the innate immune response and inflammatory profile of pre-weaned dairy calves. Thirty male Holstein calves were assigned to receive pasteurized waste milk (PWM), saleable milk (SM), and WM (n = 10 in each group).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Crit Care Med
February 2025
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom.
Objective: The Sedation and Weaning in Children (SANDWICH) trial of a sedation weaning and ventilator liberation bundle had a primary outcome of time to successful extubation, and showed significant but small difference. We explored the impact of the intervention on infants with bronchiolitis.
Design: Post hoc subgroup analysis of a cluster-randomized trial, 2018 to 2019 (ISRCTN16998143).
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