Background: Natalizumab, a treatment used in multiple sclerosis (MS), is associated with cases of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

Objective: We describe two cases of PML in related but not genetically apparented natalizumab-treated MS patients who are stepsisters. Reported cases/outcomes: While Patient 1 developed PML, Patient 2 was on natalizumab and had contacts with Patient 1. Patient 2 was diagnosed with PML 5 months after Patient 1.

Conclusion: The clinical and temporal data highly suggest that there was JC virus (JCV) transmission from one patient to the other with development of PML as primo-infection in Patient 2.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458516670734DOI Listing

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