BMC Res Notes
HIV/AIDS and TB Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Published: January 2017
Background: There are few rapid point-of-care tests (POCT) for tuberculosis (TB) for use in resource-constrained settings with high levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This hinders early tuberculosis (TB) treatment. This cross-sectional study evaluates the recently developed urine Determine tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan (TB LAM) antigen test. A total of 122 participants with signs and symptoms of TB, including 21 (17.1%) participants positive for HIV, were enrolled from September 2011 to March 2012 at three selected health centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Blood, sputum and urine samples were collected. Löwenstein-Jensen (LJ) solid culture was used as a gold standard to evaluate the performance of the Determine TB LAM antigen test. Data were analyzed using STATA (Statacorp LP, USA).
Results: Of the 122 participants with suspected TB, 35 (28.7%) had TB confirmed bacteriologically by LJ culture. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of Determine TB LAM (for both HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants) was 37.1% (95% CI 21.5-55.1), 97.7% (95% CI 91.9-99.7), 86.7% (95% CI 59.5-98.3) and 79.4% (95% CI 70.5-86.6), respectively. However, in participants who were co-infected with TB and HIV, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were 55.6% (95% CI 21.2-86.3), 100% (95% CI 73.5-100), 100% (95% CI 47.8-100) and 75.0% (95% CI 47.6-92.7). Moreover, the level of immunosuppression of the HIV-infected TB patients was found to have a significant association with the performance of Determine TB LAM (χ = 7.89, p = 0.002).
Conclusions: The Determine TB LAM test is a potential alternative in peripheral health settings for TB diagnosis in patients who are co-infected with HIV, with advanced immunosuppression.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5282652 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2404-4 | DOI Listing |
Genomics
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Tree Cultivation, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, China. Electronic address:
Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (G. sinensis) as an important species within the Leguminosae family, has been utilized in Chinese medicine for centuries, and its thorns serve as a chief medicinal ingredient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunity
January 2025
Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Electronic address:
Our understanding of the functional heterogeneity of resident versus recruited macrophages in the diseased liver is limited. A population of recruited lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) has been reported to populate the diseased liver alongside resident Kupffer cells (KCs). However, the precise roles of these distinct macrophage subsets remain elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Exp Allergy
January 2025
Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
Viruses
December 2024
School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
: During the acute phase of COVID-19, a number of immunological abnormalities have been reported, but few studies longitudinally analyzed the specific subsets of peripheral blood lymphocytes. : In this observational, prospective, and longitudinal study, adult patients developing acute pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic have been followed up for 12 months. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were assessed (with a specific focus on the memory markers) at 6 time points after the disease onset until 12 months.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu Av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania.
The environmental impact of invasive species necessitates creating a strategy for managing their spread by utilising them as a source of potentially high-value raw materials. (Lam.) K.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!
© LitMetric 2025. All rights reserved.