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Onset and predictors of first-line antiretroviral therapy treatment failure among children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
BMC Pediatr
December 2024
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Introduction: The emergence of First-line Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) regimens fails; it necessitates the use of more costly and less tolerable second-line medications. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and address factors that increase the likelihood of first-line ART regimen failure in children. Although numerous primary studies have examined the incidence of first-line ART failure among HIV-infected children in Ethiopia, national-level data on the onset and predictors remain inconsistent.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeveloping a Charlson Comorbidity Index for the American Indian Population Using the Epidemiologic Data from the Strong Heart Study.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities
December 2024
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
Background: The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a frequently used mortality predictor based on a scoring system for the number and type of patient comorbidities health researchers have used since the late 1980s. The initial purpose of the CCI was to classify comorbid conditions, which could alter the risk of patient mortality within a 1-year time frame. However, the CCI may not accurately reflect risk among American Indians because they are a small proportion of the US population and possibly lack representation in the original patient cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of systemic steroid use and its determinants among admitted patients at Debre Berhan University Hakim Gizawu Teaching Hospital.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Rational use of steroids is essential in the long term for improving patient safety. Systemic steroids are important in clinical treatment, but if they are misused, they might have negative effects. This study assessed systemic steroid use and its determinants at Debre Berhan University Hakim Gizawu Teaching Hospital (DBUHGTH), Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContribution of Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1A Genotypes to Childhood Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Risk in Taiwan.
Cancer Genomics Proteomics
December 2024
Terry Fox Cancer Research Laboratory, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C.;
Background/aim: The disruption of cell-cycle control can lead to an imbalance in cell proliferation, often accompanied by genomic instability, which in turn can facilitate carcinogenesis. This study aimed to examine the impact of CDKN1A rs1801270 and rs1059234 polymorphisms on the risk of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in Taiwan.
Materials And Methods: The genotypes of CDKN1A rs1801270 and rs1059234 in 266 childhood ALL cases and 266 controls were determined using PCR-RFLP techniques.
Unintended pregnancy among women living with HIV and its predictors in East Africa, 2024. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Introduction: An unintended pregnancy refers to a situation where a pregnancy occurs either when there is no desire for a child (unwanted) or when it takes place at a time that was not anticipated (mistimed). Pregnant women infected with HIV face a two to tenfold increased risk of mortality during both pregnancy and the postpartum period compared to those who are not infected. A national level cohort study has identified that about 70 babies born HIV positive, 60% of them were from unplanned pregnancy.
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