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Systemic inflammation and resting state connectivity of the default mode network. | LitMetric

Systemic inflammation and resting state connectivity of the default mode network.

Brain Behav Immun

Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.

Published: May 2017

AI Article Synopsis

  • The default mode network (DMN) is a group of brain regions that work together during rest and play a role in various social, cognitive, and emotional functions, as well as influencing the risk of dementia and psychiatric disorders related to inflammation.
  • The study examined how levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a marker of inflammation, were related to the functional connectivity of key DMN areas (like the anterior cingulate cortex and medial prefrontal cortex) in 98 adults aged 30-54.
  • Results showed that higher IL-6 levels were positively associated with connectivity in the sub-genual ACC and negatively associated with a part of the dorsal medial PFC, suggesting a link between inflammation and brain

Article Abstract

The default mode network (DMN) encompasses brain systems that exhibit coherent neural activity at rest. DMN brain systems have been implicated in diverse social, cognitive, and affective processes, as well as risk for forms of dementia and psychiatric disorders that associate with systemic inflammation. Areas of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and surrounding medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) within the DMN have been implicated specifically in regulating autonomic and neuroendocrine processes that relate to systemic inflammation via bidirectional signaling mechanisms. However, it is still unclear whether indicators of inflammation relate directly to coherent resting state activity of the ACC, mPFC, or other areas within the DMN. Accordingly, we tested whether plasma interleukin (IL)-6, an indicator of systemic inflammation, covaried with resting-state functional connectivity of the DMN among 98 adults aged 30-54 (39% male; 81% Caucasian). Independent component analyses were applied to resting state fMRI data to generate DMN connectivity maps. Voxel-wise regression analyses were then used to test for associations between IL-6 and DMN connectivity across individuals, controlling for age, sex, body mass index, and fMRI signal motion. Within the DMN, IL-6 covaried positively with connectivity of the sub-genual ACC and negatively with a region of the dorsal medial PFC at corrected statistical thresholds. These novel findings offer evidence for a unique association between a marker of systemic inflammation (IL-6) and ACC and mPFC functional connectivity within the DMN, a network that may be important for linking aspects of immune function to psychological and behavioral states in health and disease.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5402695PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.013DOI Listing

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