Optogenetics uses light exposure to manipulate physiology in genetically modified organisms. Abundant tools for optogenetic excitation are available, but the limitations of current optogenetic inhibitors present an obstacle to demonstrating the necessity of neuronal circuits. Here we show that anion channelrhodopsins can be used to specifically and rapidly inhibit neural systems involved in Drosophila locomotion, wing expansion, memory retrieval and gustation, thus demonstrating their broad utility in the circuit analysis of behavior.
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Light-activated channelrhodopsins: a revolutionary toolkit for the remote control of plant signalling.
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ARC Centre of Excellence in Plants for Space, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia.
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Institut für Biologie, Experimentelle Biophysik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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