It has recently been demonstrated that eye contact influences bodily self-awareness. Here, we investigated if the belief of being the target of another person's attention may also induce such influence. We created videos of an individual wearing two different pairs of sunglasses. We manipulated the participants to believe that they were in on-line connection with the individual and that one of the pairs of sunglasses was obstructed so that the individual could not see them through it. We demonstrated that the perception of an individual wearing see-through sunglasses, as compared to obstructed sunglasses or a low-level baseline condition, led to a greater correlation between the participants' rating of the intensity of their bodily reactions and their skin conductance response to emotional pictures. This shows that the belief to be watched by another social agent increases bodily self-awareness and further suggests that such belief is embedded in direct gaze perception.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.01.007 | DOI Listing |
Nat Commun
January 2025
Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Thermosensory signals may contribute to the sense of body ownership, but their role remains highly debated. We test this assumption within the framework of pathological body ownership, hypothesising that skin temperature and thermoception differ between right-hemisphere stroke patients with and without Disturbed Sensation of Ownership (DSO) for the contralesional plegic upper limb. Patients with DSO exhibit lower basal hand temperatures bilaterally and impaired perception of cold and warm stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci
December 2024
Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
The literature suggests that alterations in functional connectivity (FC) of the Salience Network (SN) may contribute to the manifestation of some clinical features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The SN plays a key role in integrating external sensory information with internal emotional and bodily information. An atypical FC of this network could explain some symptomatic features of ASD such as difficulties in self-awareness and emotion processing and provide new insights into the neurobiological basis of autism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCNS Spectr
December 2024
Faculty of Philosophy and Neurobioethics Research Group (GdN), Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum (APRA), Rome, Italy.
This article presents a comprehensive neuroethical framework that seeks to deepen our understanding of human consciousness and free will, particularly in the context of psychiatric and neurological disorders. By integrating insights from neuroscience with philosophical reflections on freedom and personal identity, the paper examines how various states of consciousness from interoception to self-awareness influence an individual's autonomy and decision-making capabilities. The discussion utilizes a multidimensional, bottom-up approach to explore how neurobiological processes underlie different levels of conscious experience and their corresponding types of freedom, such as "intero-freedom" related to internal bodily states and "self-freedom" associated with higher self-awareness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExp Physiol
November 2024
School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Muscle spindles are stretch-sensitive mechanoreceptors found in the skeletal muscles of most four-limbed vertebrates. They are unique amongst sensory receptors in the ability to regulate their sensitivity by contraction of the intrafusal muscle fibres on which the sensory endings lie. Muscle spindles have revealed a remarkable diversity of functions, including reflex action in posture and locomotion, contributing to bodily self awareness, and influencing wound healing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosci Biobehav Rev
October 2024
Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
The interplay between the brain and interoceptive signals is key in maintaining internal balance and orchestrating neural dynamics, encompassing influences on perceptual and self-awareness. Central to this interplay is the differentiation between the external world, others and the self, a cornerstone in the construction of bodily self-awareness. This review synthesizes physiological and behavioral evidence illustrating how interoceptive signals can mediate or influence bodily self-awareness, by encompassing interactions with various sensory modalities.
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