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Background: An association between trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) and splenic enlargement is reported in preclinical data, and has been noted anecdotally in patients receiving T-DM1 at our institution. Use of whole-body MRI examinations (WB-MRI) allows for detailed bone marrow assessment and semi-automated splenic volume calculations.
Objective: To retrospectively evaluate changes in splenic volume versus evidence of bone marrow hyperplasia and/or changes in portal venous pressure in patients receiving T-DM1 for metastatic breast cancer.
Patients And Methods: Twelve metastatic breast cancer patients underwent 29 WB-MRIs before and during T-DM1 therapy. Splenic volume, portal vein diameter, bone marrow diffusion-weighted normalised signal intensity (nSI), quantitative water diffusivity (apparent diffusion coefficient, ADC) and fat fraction (rF%) were measured and correlated.
Results: Splenic volume increases were observed in 92% of patients. Mean splenic volume increased from 144 cm (95% CI 110-177 cm) to 209 cm (95% CI 161-257 cm) on T-DM1 therapy (p = 0.006). Splenic volume increases correlated with treatment duration (r = 0.43). Bone marrow hyperplasia was evidenced by an increase in bone marrow nSI (3.5 to 4.8, p = 0.12), and decreases in rF% (64.3% to 57.3%, p = 0.12) and ADC (655 μm/s to 543 μm/s, p = 0.11). No changes to portal vein diameter were seen.
Conclusions: Previously unreported increases in splenic volume and bone marrow hyperplasia are observed on WB-MRI in patients on T-DM1 therapy. Caution must be applied to avoid misinterpreting T-DM1-induced bone marrow hyperplasia as diffuse disease progression in bone.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11523-017-0477-6 | DOI Listing |
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