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De-biasing the bias: methods for improving disparity assessments with noisy group measurements.
Biometrics
October 2024
RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
Health care decisions are increasingly informed by clinical decision support algorithms, but these algorithms may perpetuate or increase racial and ethnic disparities in access to and quality of health care. Further complicating the problem, clinical data often have missing or poor quality racial and ethnic information, which can lead to misleading assessments of algorithmic bias. We present novel statistical methods that allow for the use of probabilities of racial/ethnic group membership in assessments of algorithm performance and quantify the statistical bias that results from error in these imputed group probabilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Atlas of Anatomical Variants of the Human Talus.
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Dpto. de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.
Anatomical variants can be used effectively to identify relationships between individuals in kinship analysis and they may be useful during surgical procedures. These procedures can be better implemented when the cause, appearance and location are understood. Clear representations and definitions of anatomical traits are necessary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh Performance of Cs2AgBiBr6 Perovskite-based Photodetectors by Adding DEAC.
Chemistry
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East China University of Science and Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, meilong Road, 200237, shanghai, CHINA.
Perovskite-based photodetectors (PDs) are broadly utilized in optical communication, non-destructive testing, and smart wearable devices due to their ability to convert light into electrical signals. However, toxicity and instability hold back their mass production and commercialization. The lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite film, promised to be an alternative, is fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD), which compromises film quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhy do we not want to work onboard? An explanation of generational changes in seafarers' work values.
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School of Economics and Management, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, China.
The shortfall of seafarers is a constant challenge in the shipping industry. With the development of the world economy and changes in employees' psychological indicators, seafarers' spiritual needs play an increasingly important role in their work intentions. This study proposed that seafarers' work values should be a useful explanation for the shortfall of seafarers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManipulating Interphase Chemistry for Aqueous Zn Stabilization: The Role of Supersaturation.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
December 2024
Guangdong University of Technology, school of chemical engineering and light industry, Panyu, Guangzhou University City Outer Ring Road No. 100, 510006, Gaungzhou, CHINA.
The limited cycling durability of Zn anode, attributed to the absence of a robust electrolyte-derived solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), remains the bottleneck for the practical deployment of aqueous zinc batteries. Herein, we highlight the role of local supersaturation in governing the fundamental crystallization chemistry of Zn4SO4(OH)6·xH2O (ZSH) and propose a subtle supersaturation-controlled morphology strategy to tailor the interphase chemistry of Zn anode. By judiciously creating local high-supersaturation environment with organic caprolactam to manipulate the precipitation manner of zinc sulfate hydroxide (ZSH), lattice-lattice matched heterogeneous nucleation of ZSH (001) and Zn (002) is realized in aqueous ZnSO4, producing a dense, pseudo-coincidence interface capable of functioning as decent SEI.
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