The assessment of nutritional status in adults should begin with a complete history, including intake of fruits and vegetables, sources of fat, and added sugar (eg, sugar-sweetened beverages). The history should include social factors that may impede a patient's ability to obtain food, as well as any factors that might interfere with preparing, chewing, and digesting food and absorbing nutrients. The physical examination should include measurement of height and weight and calculation of body mass index. It also may include measurements of waist circumference and waist to hip ratio, and an evaluation of strength. Laboratory evaluation should include measurement of albumin, prealbumin, and other markers of total body protein stores. No biomarker is completely sensitive or specific. With a range of dietary patterns, it is possible for nutritional gaps specific to those patterns to develop. Identification of a single nutrient deficiency typically reflects an overall weakness in the diet. The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diets have the most evidence to support them as healthy diets.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Environmental impacts of restructuring the EU's natural gas supply and consumption: Learnings from the 2022 energy crisis.
iScience
January 2025
Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
In 2022, the European Union put forward the REPowerEU plan in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine, aiming at enhancing short-term energy security by diversifying imports and reducing natural gas demand while accelerating the deployment of renewable alternatives in the long term. Here, we quantify the life cycle environmental impacts of both REPowerEU's short-term measures, including the controversial extended coal-fired power plant operations, and how the first year of the crisis was managed in practice. We find that the policy measures' impact on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions would be negligible, although they could have detrimental effects on other environmental categories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngagement of adolescents with ADHD in a narrative-centered game-based behavior change environment to reduce alcohol use.
Front Educ (Lausanne)
January 2024
Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects about 13% of adolescents and is associated with substance use-related morbidity and mortality. While evidence on effective interventions to reduce alcohol use among adolescents with ADHD is limited, parent-teen communication about alcohol use has been found to be protective. Other approaches, such as educational interventions, hold promise to reduce alcohol-related harms in adolescents with ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Association Between the CALLY Index and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with COPD: Results from the Cohort Study of NHANES 2007-2010.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis
January 2025
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, People's Republic of China.
Purpose: The C-reactive protein (CRP)-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a newly developed biomarker that combines measurements of CRP, serum albumin, and lymphocyte count. This index provides a thorough assessment of a patient's inflammation level, nutritional condition, and immunological function. The objective of this study is to examine the correlation between the CALLY index and all-cause mortality in COPD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDosimetry Assessment of Potential Hazard from Visible Light, Especially Blue Light, Emitted by Screen of Devices in Daily Use.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol
January 2025
Photodermatology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Visible light has been considered to have minimal impact on the skin. However, the increasing use of electronic devices has led to a significant increase in exposure to visible light, especially blue light. We measured the irradiance (mW/cm) and estimated dose (J/cm) of visible light and blue light emitted from various electronic devices including smartphones, tablets and computers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlcohol use and HIV suppression after completion of financial incentives for alcohol abstinence and isoniazid adherence: a randomized controlled trial.
EClinicalMedicine
February 2025
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Background: In a recent randomized trial, six months of financial incentives contingent for recent alcohol abstinence led to lower levels of hazardous drinking, while incentives for recent isoniazid (INH) ingestion had no impact on INH adherence, during TB preventive therapy among persons with HIV (PWH). Whether the short-term incentives influence long-term alcohol use and HIV viral suppression post-intervention is unknown.
Methods: We analyzed twelve-month HIV viral suppression and alcohol use in the Drinkers' Intervention to Prevent Tuberculosis study, a randomized controlled trial among PWH with latent TB and unhealthy alcohol use in south-western Uganda.
Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!