AI Article Synopsis
- Infantile haemangiomas are the most common benign tumors in infants, with a prevalence rate of 4.5%, typically appearing in the first few weeks of life and known for their pattern of growth and eventual disappearance.
- Most do not need treatment, but close monitoring in the early weeks is important to catch those that may pose risks, with 80% reaching their full size by three months.
- The main reasons for treatment include severe complications or risks to functionality, and propranolol is the preferred medication, showing quick results but requiring at least six months of treatment for effectiveness.
Article Abstract
With a prevalence of 4·5%, infantile haemangiomas are the most common benign tumours of infancy, arising in the first few weeks of life and exhibiting a characteristic sequence of growth and spontaneous involution. Most infantile haemangiomas do not require therapy. However, to identify at-risk haemangiomas, close follow-up is crucial in the first weeks of life; 80% of all haemangiomas reach their final size by 3 months of age. The main indications for treatment are life-threatening infantile haemangioma (causing heart failure or respiratory distress), tumours posing functional risks (eg, visual obstruction, amblyopia, or feeding difficulties), ulceration, and severe anatomic distortion, especially on the face. Oral propranolol is now the first-line treatment, which should be administered as early as possible to avoid potential complications. Haemangioma shrinkage is rapidly observed with oral propranolol, but a minimum of 6 months of therapy is recommended.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00645-0 | DOI Listing |
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