Objective: To identify limbic sites of respiratory control in the human brain, and by extension, the symptomatogenic zone for central apnea.
Methods: We used direct stimulation of anatomically, precisely placed stereotactic EEG electrodes to analyze breathing responses. We prospectively studied 3 patients who were explored with stereotactically implanted depth electrodes. The amygdala and hippocampus, as well as extralimbic sites (orbitofrontal, temporal tip, and temporal neocortex), were investigated.
Results: Individual stimulation of the amygdala and hippocampal head consistently elicited central apnea in the expiratory phase, as did exquisitely focal hippocampal seizures.
Conclusions: These findings confirm that hippocampus and amygdala are limbic breathing control sites in humans, as well as the symptomatogenic zone for central apneic seizures.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5317387 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000003613 | DOI Listing |
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