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Expression of apoptosis-regulatory genes in the hippocampus of rat neonates born to mothers with diabetes. | LitMetric

Expression of apoptosis-regulatory genes in the hippocampus of rat neonates born to mothers with diabetes.

Metab Brain Dis

Department of Public Health, Deputy of Research and Technology, Research Centre of Experimental Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.

Published: April 2017

AI Article Synopsis

  • * Findings show that offspring from diabetic mothers have lower levels of Bcl-2 and higher levels of Bax, leading to an increase in degenerating neurons in the hippocampus, which can affect cognition and behavior.
  • * Insulin treatment for diabetic mothers was found to help normalize these negative effects on their offspring's brain development, suggesting the importance of managing maternal blood sugar levels during pregnancy.

Article Abstract

Diabetes during pregnancy impairs the development of the central nervous system (CNS) and causes cognitive and behavioral abnormalities in offspring. However, the exact mechanism by which the maternal diabetes affects the development of the brain remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of maternal diabetes in pregnancy on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes and the numerical density of degenerating dark neurons (DNs) in the hippocampus of offspring at the first postnatal two weeks. Wistar female rats were maintained diabetic from a week before pregnancy through parturition and male offspring was sacrificed at P0, P7, and P14. Our findings demonstrated a significant down-regulation in the hippocampal expression of Bcl-2 in the diabetic group newborns (P < 0.05). In contrast, the mRNA expression of Bax was markedly up-regulated in the offspring born to diabetic dams at all of studied time-points (P < 0.05). Moreover, we found a striking increase in the numerical density of DNs in the various subfields of hippocampus of diabetic group pups (P < 0.05). The results of the present study revealed that maternal hyperglycemia during gestational period may result in disturbances in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax genes as two important genes in neuronal apoptosis regulation and induces the production of DNs in the developing hippocampus of neonatal rats. These disturbances may be a reason for the cognitive, structural, and behavioral anomalies observed in offspring born to diabetic mothers. Furthermore, the control of maternal glycaemia by insulin administration in most cases normalized these negative impacts.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11011-017-9950-2DOI Listing

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